Unit 4, Part 2: Emotion, Motivation, and Personality

How would drive reduction theory explain a person accepting a new job with a higher salary but requires more work and responsibility?

• Money is a more powerful incentive for this individual than free time

• This person seeks a higher activity level and takes this job in order to satisfy this drive

• For this person, money is a higher-level need than free time

• Humans instinctively seek greater resources and control over their environment

• The person takes the job to satisfy a secondary drive of increased salary

Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus

• Contaction and expansion of the stomach, indicating too much or too little food

• Body temperature and desire to eat

• Desire to eat and physiological processes needed for eating and digestion

• The desire to eat and the feeling of satiety, or fullness, that makes us stop eating

All of the following are identified by researchers as important factors in the causes of eating disorders except

• Cultural attitude towards weight

• Lack of willpower

• Genetic tendencies

• Family history of eating disorders

The Yerkes-Dodson law predicts that most people would perform an easy task best if they are at a

• High level of arousal

• Low level of arousal

• Baseline state

• Level of self-actualization

What is the principal difference between how achievement motivation theory and arousal theory explain human motivation?

• Achievement motivation is a specific example of arousal moviation

• Arousal theory describes the optimum level of general arousal an individual seeks, while achievement motivation describes what type of goals the individual is motivated to achieve

• A person with a low optimum level of arousal according to arousal theory would have a high achievement motivation

• Arousal theory is older, outdated precursor to achievement motivation theory

Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be more advantageous than extrinsic motivation

• Intrinsic motivation might be more enduring since extrinsic motivations are usually temporary

• Intrinsic motivations are easier and more convenient to provide

• Intrinsic motivations are more likely to be primary drives. Extrinsic motivations are secondary drives

• Intrinsic motivations are more effective with a wider range of individuals

What does Schachter's two-factory theory state about relationship between emotion and physiological reaction?

• Emotions are caused by physiological reactions. For example, we feel excited because our heart begins to race

• Physiological reactions are caused by emotions. For example, our experience of fear causes our breathing rate to increase

• A combination of physiological reactions and our cognitive interpretation of an event produces emotion

• Physiological reactions and emotion response occur simultaneously

Excessive time spent in the resistance phase of Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) can contribute to

• Increased time needed to adapt to new emotion situations

• Decreased motivation to perform novel tasks

• Stress-related diseases like ulcers or heart conditions

• A reduction in the drive to achieve goals

The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called

• Equilibrium

• Homeostasis

• Self-actualization

• Primary satisfaction

Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) describes

• Our reactions to stress

• How the central nervous system processes emotions

• The effect of low levels of arousal on emotion

• Our reactions to different levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs