Iraq and Afghanistan Wars

1. Mark the ONE that is FALSE

(you may need to google this, and we discussed in class)

• Iraq War (part 1) was also called Operation Desert Storm, Persian Gulf War, Gulf War (and took place between 1990-1991). Was meant to free Kuwait

• Iraq War 2 (2003-2011) was partially in response to Sept 11 and a fear of Saddam Hussein having weapons of mass destruction

• Afghanistan (1979-1989) was an invasion of Russia into Afghanistan, and the US supported the rebels (also called Russia's "Vietnam")

• Afghanistan (2001-2021) was the longest war of US History, and part of the purpose was to find Osama bin Laden and find other terrorists (response to 9/11 as well)

• The US was in the Middle East to promote technology and diplomatic relationships through peaceful means (and to focus on humanity and their needs)

2. Mark the ONE answer that is FALSE

https://docs.google.com/document/d/15NgIC1IUMo_ys1bf3ygfCl8cQe2bBL6YfaOPQDtxBvw/copy?usp=sharing

• Looking at the map, most of the military are located in Northern Saudi Arabia

• Kuwait is MUCH BIGGER than Iraq and overpowered Saddam Hussein quickly, and really did not need the US help

• Chemical Weapons facilities were destroyed near Fallujah and Muthanna in Iraq

• Iraq is a land-locked country and invaded Kuwait partially to get seaport access (and because they wanted their oil)

3. Mark the ONE answer that is FALSE

https://docs.google.com/document/d/15NgIC1IUMo_ys1bf3ygfCl8cQe2bBL6YfaOPQDtxBvw/copy?usp=sharing

• There were many chemical sites detected in Northern Saudi Arabia (on the map)

• During the war, Iraq had built up a powerful army that included over 5,000 tanks and 1,500,000 soldiers.

• Building up this army had been expensive and Iraq was in debt to the countries of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. (and Iraq had been at war w/ Iran for 8 years prior)

• The leader of Iraq at the time was a KIND, CARING, individual, who put the needs of his people first, and did NOT try to take other countries

4. Mark the ONE answer that is FALSE.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/15NgIC1IUMo_ys1bf3ygfCl8cQe2bBL6YfaOPQDtxBvw/copy?usp=sharing

•  Within 12 YEARS, Iraq had gained control of most of Kuwait.

• The leader of Iraq was a dictator named Saddam Hussein. In May of 1990, Saddam began to blame the economic woes of his country on Kuwait.

• Hussein  said Kuwait was producing too much oil and driving down prices. He also accused Kuwait of stealing oil from Iraq near the border.

• The primary reason was money and power. Kuwait was a very rich country with lots of oil. Conquering Kuwait would help solve Iraq's money problems and control of the oil would make Saddam Hussein very powerful.

5. Mark the ONE that is FALSE

https://docs.google.com/document/d/15NgIC1IUMo_ys1bf3ygfCl8cQe2bBL6YfaOPQDtxBvw/copy?usp=sharing

• The initial attack was an air war where warplanes bombed Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq) and military targets in Kuwait and Iraq.

• Kuwait had seaports that Iraq wanted and Iraq claimed that the land of Kuwait was historically part of Iraq.

• Iraq Army also launched SCUD missiles on the country of FRANCE AND SPAIN

• The Iraqi army responded by blowing up Kuwaiti oil wells and dumping millions of gallons of oil into the Persian Gulf.

6. Mark the ONE answer that is FALSE.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/15NgIC1IUMo_ys1bf3ygfCl8cQe2bBL6YfaOPQDtxBvw/copy?usp=sharing

• The leader of the coalition forces was U.S. Army General JEFF NOTE AND the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff was STACIE ROGERS.

• This was the first war that was heavily televised. There were live showings of the front lines and bombings on TV by the news media.

• The war cost the United States around $61 billion. Other countries (Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Germany, and Japan) helped to pay around $52 billion of the U.S. costs.

• 148 U.S. soldiers were killed in action during the war. More than 20,000 Iraqi soldiers were killed.

7. Mark the ONE answer that is FALSE.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/15NgIC1IUMo_ys1bf3ygfCl8cQe2bBL6YfaOPQDtxBvw/copy?usp=sharing

• During their retreat, the Iraqi forces set fire to oil wells across Kuwait. Huge fires burned for months after the war was over.

• The terms of the ceasefire included regular inspections by the United Nations as well as a no-fly zone over southern Iraq.

• However, in the years to come, Iraq did not always comply with the terms. They eventually refused to admit any weapons inspectors from the United Nations.

• The British military operations during the war were codenamed "RUTH MCKENNEY."

8. Mark the ONE answer that is FALSE.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CsNS08egKSdL7-KoKjXrSeJoK9DzrVkSNpAZOV6uk8A/copy?usp=sharing

•  It began on March 20, 2003 and ended on December 18, 2011. The war resulted in the toppling of the Iraqi government led by Saddam Hussein.

• The Iraq War was fought between Iraq and a group of countries led by the United States and the United Kingdom.

• "WMD" are women of minority dads, and were an active military during Iraq War 2, and are still a force to be reckoned with today

• In 1990, Iraq invaded the country of Kuwait and started the Gulf War. After Iraq lost the Gulf War, they had agreed to inspections by the United Nations.

9. Mark the ONE answer that is FALSE

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CsNS08egKSdL7-KoKjXrSeJoK9DzrVkSNpAZOV6uk8A/copy?usp=sharing

• By the early 2000s, Iraq was refusing to allow U.N. inspectors into the country. Then 9/11 happened. The U.S. began to worry that the leader of Iraq, Saddam Hussein, was helping terrorists and that he was secretly developing weapons of mass destruction.

• The coalition (united) forces included Taiwan, Egypt, Afghanistan, Yugoslavia, Russia, North Korea, and the US

• "Operation Iraqi Freedom." Some countries allied with the U.S. including the United Kingdom, Australia, and Poland.

• On March 20, 2003, Iraq War 2 began. Some countries in the United Nations were against the idea of invading Iraq.

10. Mark the ONE answer that is FALSE.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CsNS08egKSdL7-KoKjXrSeJoK9DzrVkSNpAZOV6uk8A/copy?usp=sharing

• The Iraq War officially ended on December 58, 2055 with the withdrawal of U.S. combat troops.

• Later that year, Saddam Hussein was captured. He was put on trial by the new Iraqi government and was executed in 2006.

• The U.S. used a precision bombing attack and fast moving troops to quickly invade Iraq. This method of attack was called "shock and awe." Within a few weeks, they had taken the capital city of Baghdad.

• The country was in disarray without Saddam and his government. Different Islamic factions fought against each other and the coalition forces for control of the country