Chapter 48

Which of the following statements BEST summarizes President Lyndon Johnson's view of the federal government's role in shaping American society?

• The federal government should leave people free to solve social problems on their own.

• The federal government should create a society in which all people share their wealth equally.

• The federal government should use its full power to shape a society that serves the needs of all citizens.

• The federal government should give the states more power and resources to promote social well-being.

Which of these laws signed by President Johnson was tested in the Supreme Court in the case of Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States?

• Immigration Act of 1965

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Economic Opportunity Act

• Voting Rights Act

Which of the following Great Society initiatives is correctly paired with a description of its activities?

• Public Broadcasting Act—gave grants to artists, writers, and musicians

• VISTA—provided federal aid to poor urban school districts

• Head Start—created programs for low-income preschool children

• National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act—reduced automobile emissions

The circle graphs below show immigration to the United States in 1960 and in 1980. How did the Immigration Act of 1965 help bring about the changes in immigration shown in the two graphs?

• by restricting immigration from every part of the world except Western Europe

• by discouraging immigration through strict English-language requirements

• by limiting the number of immigrants from certain parts of the world

• by striking down quotas based on national origin

Which of these statements BEST summarizes conservatives' criticism of Johnson's Great Society programs?

• The programs failed to protect consumers from unhealthy food and unsafe vehicles.

• The programs were creating an underclass of people dependent on welfare.

• The programs allowed too many immigrants to enter the country and drive down wages.

• The programs did not address the need to protect the environment.

What important principle did the Supreme Court establish in the cases of Baker v. Carr and Reynolds v. Sims?

• separation of church and state

• equal justice under the law

• right to an attorney

• one person, one vote

In President Johnson’s vision of the Great Society, he believed the power of government should be ________ to promote social well-being.

• marginalized

• expanded

• reduced

• streamlined

What was a development during the 1964 presidential campaign that challenged the Democrats’ hold on power?

• the legal rights of the accused were expanded

• the decrease of the power of government

• the political transformation of the South

• the public became more interested in environmentalism

What legislation did President Johnson push Congress to pass in order to end racial injustice?

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Voting Rights Act

• Civil Rights Act of 1968

• all of the above

How did the Immigration Act of 1965 change immigration?

• It established quotas for immigrants based on national origin.

• It made an individual’s skills and ties to family in the United States the key criteria for admission.

• Immigrants had to pass a rigorous exam before entering the country.

• It gave the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury authority over immigration enforcement.