Envi-Sci-Review quiz

In the 1800’s, many people living in cities in the United States died of infectious diseases such as cholera, which is caused by a bacterium that pollutes water. Cholera is no longer a major problem in the United States. What is the most likely reason for the elimination of cholera as a major disease?

• Advances in medicine have led to cures for cholera

• People have learned the importance of washing their hands.

• Sewage treatment plants have completely eliminated such pathogens from drinking water

• Regulations have prevented factories from dumping pollution into lakes and rivers.

Which statement describes a role that oceans play in climate?

• Condensation of warm ocean water influences rain patterns.

• Evaporation of warm ocean water influences rain patterns.

• Precipitation of warm ocean water includes rain patterns

• Transpiration of warm ocean water influences rain patterns.

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Individuals in the United States utilize products that cannot be easily broken down by the environment, therefore increasing the amount of pollution and waste products. How can humans reduce the amount of waste they are producing?

• maintain current product usage

• utilize biodegradable products

• increase the use of fossil fuels

• decrease the use of renewable resources

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Polar bears swim across large expanses of ocean while hunting for seals, their main source of food. The bears use sea ice as resting spots during their long swims. However, the sea ice is rapidly melting as a result of global climate change. Which statement describes what most likely will happen if global climate change continues at its present rate?

• Polar bear populations will decrease, reducing biodiversity

• Polar bear population will stay the same.

• Polar bear populations will increase, increasing biodiversity.

• Polar bear populations will move to a different location and continue to survive.

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It is estimated that over 700,000,000 passenger cars travel the streets and roads of the world today, and over 60,000,000 new vehicles are manufactured every year. Which of these would NOT be a result of having so many vehicles on the road?

• depletion of oil reserves

• possible global climate change

• increase of healthier ecosystems

• increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

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A cutover forest suffered a disturbance. After 45 years, the battered forest grew into an abundant forest, filled with many trees and many animal species. What is this a clear example of?

• Evolution

• primary succession

• secondary succession

• tertiary succession

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A certain species of algae colonizes a certain area for the first time on a remote island. Because conditions are favorable, the species of algae adapts well and begins to spread quickly. What would the algae be considered?

• invasive species

• pioneer species

• primary disturbance

Which statement best describes the flow of energy as it passes through the organisms in the pyramid?

• Energy flows through the organisms from bottom to top and decreases at each level

• Energy flows through the organisms from bottom to top and increases at each leve

• Energy flows through the organisms from top to bottom and increases at each level.

• Energy flows through the organisms from top to bottom and decreases at each level.

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Tiny droplets of water in the air collect on the outside of a cold drink and form clouds high in the atmosphere. Which process is involved when water from the air turns into its liquid form?

• Precipitation

• Evaporation

• Transpiration

• Condensation

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The nitrogen cycle shows that animals need nitrite (NO2 ) to make proteins. Nitrogen (N 2) is found in the air but is not in a form that animals can use. Through the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen from the atmosphere becomes nitrite. Which of these can be concluded about the importance of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

• Bacteria are important because they make nitrites that fungi need

• Bacteria are important because they change nitrogen into nitrites that animals need

• Bacteria are important because they allow plant roots to absorb nitrites from the air

• Bacteria are important because they decompose plant matter that compete with living plants for nitrites

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