Psychology Basics 1

The word “Psychology” is derived from which language?

• Italian

• Greek

• Latin

• None of the above

Answer explanation

The word Psychology is derived from the two Greek words. Psyche means “life” or “soul”. Logia means “the study of”. In short, Psychology is the science entailing the study of the mind. It includes the study of Behaviour, feelings, consciousness, and the unconscious mind.

Psychology is the scientific study of _____ and ______.

• Behaviour, mental processes

• Mental illness, Mental health

• Physical states, mental states

• None of the above

Answer explanation

Psychology is a field of study that explains individuals’ mental processes and Behaviour. It is the science and the study of Behaviour and mental processes. This field of study researches Perception, emotion, attention, personality, motivation, cognition, personality, brain functioning, and Behaviour.

Name the father of Experimental Psychology.

• Jung

• Wilhelm Wundt

• Sigmund Freud

• Abraham Maslow

Answer explanation

Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt is known as the father of experimental psychology. He was an acclaimed philosopher, professor, and German psychologist. He wrote the first-ever psychology textbook Principles of Physiological Psychology in 1873. He set up the first laboratory where he carried out experimental psychology. He also used the scientific method to decipher the human mind and its working, Perception, and other cognitive abilities of a human.

Which of these is an example of a negative attitude towards people?

• Stereotype

• Prototype

• Prejudice

• Discrimination

Answer explanation

Generally speaking, prejudice refers to an idea, belief, or preconception about something. It can be defined as an irrational attitude of hostility against a group, an individual, or characteristics. Negative attitudes towards people can be defined like this.

Which part of the brain transfers short-term memory to long-term memory?

• Cerebellum

• Hippocampus

• Amygdala

• None of the above

Answer explanation

Memory is a primary function of the brain’s hippocampal region. The Greek word for it is the hippocampus, where hippo means ‘horse’, and kampos means ‘seahorse’ since its structure is similar to the sea horse. The function of long-term memory is to consolidate information from short-term memory to long-term memory.

Which is another term coined for reinforcement?

• Reward

• Condition

• Response

• None of the above

Answer explanation

Reinforcement is also known as a reward. Reinforcement Learning is a feedback-based Machine Learning approach in which an agent learns to behave in a given environment by executing actions and seeing the outcomes of those actions. For each positive activity, the agent receives positive feedback or a reward; for each poor action, the agent receives negative feedback or a punishment. The agent receives a positive point for a good reward and a negative point for a negative penalty.

visual and auditory memory are part of:

• long-term memory

• working memory

• sensory memory

• recency

the process of placing encoded information into permanent mental state is called

• storage

• sensory memory

• short-term memory

• long-term memory

The term that means of or pertaining to the mental processes of perception, memory, judgment, and reasoning,

• norm

• physiological

• cognitive

The process of employing psychological procedures to treat persons with psychological difficulties by a qualified psychologist is known as –

• Psychoanalysis

• Psychotherapy

• Psychiatry

• None of the above

Answer explanation

Psychotherapy is sometimes known as talking therapy or psychological treatment. It is a medical word for conversing with psychologists, psychiatrists, or other mental health practitioners to treat mental health concerns. Psychotherapy uses psychological treatments to treat mental problems or personality disorders.