AP world period 4 college board

Based on the trends shown in the graph, which of the following best describes the populations of Sweden and Mexico at the end of the twentieth century?

• Both Sweden and Mexico had declining populations.

• Mexico’s population was stable, while Sweden’s population was still growing.

• Sweden’s population was stable, while Mexico’s population was still growing.

• Sweden’s population was growing more rapidly than Mexico’s population.

Based on the graph, which of the following events or processes in the twentieth century is associated with the greatest rate of decrease in Mexico’s birth rate?

• The Mexican Revolution

• The Second World War

• Advances in vaccines and the treatment of diseases in the second half of the century

• Greater availability of more effective family-planning techniques after circa 1970

Based on the graph, the increased availability of antibiotics and vaccines after circa 1955 is most clearly associated with

• a greater decline in the death rates for Mexico than in the death rates for Sweden

• equal rates of decline in the death rates for Mexico and Sweden

• a greater increase in the birth rates for Mexico than in the birth rates for Sweden

• a greater increase in the overall population in Sweden than in the overall population in Mexico

Which of the following late-twentieth-century developments best explains why Mejía Godoy’s characterizations of Christ and Pontius Pilate in the poem might have resonated with people living in Nicaragua in the 1970s?

• Consumer culture became more global.

• People in many parts of the world became less religious.

• Gender relations in many parts of the world became more egalitarian.

• Economic inequalities between rich and poor countries increased.

The poem can best be seen as an example of the way in which literature and the arts in the late twentieth century became expressions of

• cultural exclusion and elitism

• activism and political engagement

• individualism and introspection

• cultural blending and syncretism

Mejía Godoy’s interpretation of Christianity in the poem most clearly shows that rights-based movements in the late twentieth century were directly influenced by which of the following?

• Socialist ideas

• Atheist ideas

• Nationalist ideas

• Racist ideas

Moltke’s prediction in Source 1 about the consequences of a potential war between Germany and France is most directly explained by the fact that

• France’s recent industrialization made it militarily superior to Germany

• France had a much larger population than Germany

• previous conflicts had stirred intense nationalism in France and Germany

• fascists within Germany sought to use a potential war with France as an excuse to establish a dictatorship

Giolitti’s concerns in Source 2 about the potential consequences of conflict in the Balkans are most directly explained by which of the following developments in Europe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

• Ethnic and religious diversity in European states ensured that ethnic tensions in one region would quickly spread across Europe and spark civil wars.

• European states entered into military alliances with each other that forced them to come to their allies’ aid in the event of conflict with a nonallied state.

• Military experts feared that future wars between European states would likely be far deadlier than past wars, because of the recent development of more advanced weapons.

• Conflict between European rivals had already led to the dissolution of imperial states such as the Habsburg Austro-Hungarian Empire.

In addition to the potential destabilization of the Ottoman Empire, Giolitti’s argument in Source 2 regarding Italy’s ambitions in Libya is likely explained by the concern that any attempt by a European state to acquire colonies in Africa could

• lead African states to unite with each other against European powers

• greatly endanger the spread of Catholicism and enable the spread of Islam

• encourage Japan to take advantage of the situation and conquer Italian colonies in Asia

• dangerously intensify rivalries between European states seeking to acquire territories and resources

The mention of “President Wilson’s principles” is most directly significant to understanding the editorial’s point of view about the Treaty of Versailles because of the United States president’s commitment to

• establish an international organization to prevent future conflicts

• work to create nation-states for ethnic minorities that had been under imperial control

• broker a peace agreement on liberal principles that would not be motivated by revenge

• resist the spread of Bolshevism following the Russian Revolution