12/8/23 Warm Up (Evidence of Evolution & Cladograms)

How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?

• Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
• Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
• Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
• Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Similarities in bone arrangements, like those in the picture, support the hypothesis that...

• these organisms are not well adapted

• these organisms share a common ancestor

• these organisms all share the same DNA sequences

• these organisms are members of the same species

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A bat wing and a butterfly wing are both used for flying but they are made differently. What type of structure is this?

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• Fossil structure

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A human arm and a whale fin have similar bone structure but the whale fin is used for swimming and the arm is used for reaching and grabbing. What type of structures are these?

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• Fossil structures

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

When comparing the DNA of two different organisms, the more differences in the DNA base pairs the more-

• Closely related they are.

• Distantly related they are.

• It doesn't prove anything.

• They look alike.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What type of evidence is shown with the diagram above?

• Molecular

• Anatomical

• Embryological

• Fossil

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

Match the following

• Comparing DNA and amino acid sequences of different species

• Homologous Structure

• Same function different structure

• Biochemical Evidence

• Same structure different function

• Analogous Structure

• Comparing embryological development of different species

• Vestigial Structures

• Structures in the body of an organism that no longer work.

• Comparative Embryology

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

What is the closest relative of humans shown in this diagram?

• horse

• turtle

• monkey

• dog

Answer explanation

The the lines for human and monkey meet at a "V", which indicates their common ancestor.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

According to this diagram, is the pig more closely related to the dog or kangaroo?

(a)  

Answer explanation

Dogs are closer to pigs on this diagram because they share a more recent common ancestor with pigs. Fun fact: pigs and dogs are mammals. Kangaroos are marsupials; they carry their young in a pouch.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

On the cladogram, which organism is the closest relative of the parrot?

• Frog

• Hare

• Caiman

• Parrot

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2