p) To what extent did Thatcher increase divisions in society?

Thatcher's policies led to regional political divisions: under Thatcher where was Conservative support strongest?

• London, the south and south east of England

• North of England and Wales

• Scotland

Thatcher's policies led to regional political divisions: because of Thatcher where had support for the Tories disappeared by 1997?

• London, the south and south east of England

• North of England and Wales

• Scotland

Thatcher's policies led to regional political divisions: because of Thatcher where had support for the Tories declined dramatically by 1997

• London, the south and south east of England

• North of England and Wales

• Scotland

Thatcher's policies led to regional political divisions: what is the underlying cause for differences in support for the Conservatives by region?

• Conservative support was surprisingly high in Liverpool because due to high circulation of The Sun newspaper.

• Regional variations in Tory support directly corresponded to areas that were winners and losers from Conservative economic policy.

• Many Welsh and Scottish voters switched allegiance to nationalist parties which accelerated the process of devolution that occurred after 1997

Thatcher's policies led to regional political divisions: what was the unintended consequence of Thatcher's polices for regional differences?

• Conservative support was surprisingly high in Liverpool because due to high circulation of The Sun newspaper.

• Regional variations in Tory support directly corresponded to areas that were winners and losers from Conservative economic policy.

• Many Welsh and Scottish voters switched allegiance to nationalist parties which accelerated the process of devolution that occurred after 1997

Thatcher's policies led to political divisions because of special advisors and career politicians: what was the 'Westminster bubble'?

• A perception that government seemed inaccessible to people outside politics and unwilling to listen to people outside of Parliament.

• The increased use of SPADS or special advisors by government ministers instead of the civil service

• The increased number of university educated MPs and decreased number from working class backgrounds

Thatcher's policies led to political divisions because of special advisors and career politicians: how did Thatcher contribute to the 'Westminster bubble' in the short term?

• Thatcher significantly increased the use of special advisors by government ministers

• New Labour significantly increased their use after 1997

• Special advisors are from outside the Civil Service and are sometimes known as SPADs

Thatcher's policies led to political divisions because of special advisors and career politicians: how did Thatcher contribute to the 'Westminster bubble' in the long term?

• Thatcher significantly increased the use of special advisors by government ministers

• New Labour significantly increased their use after 1997

• Special advisors are from outside the Civil Service and are sometimes known as SPADs

Thatcher's policies led to political divisions because of special advisors and career politicians: how did the nature of education of MPs contribute to the 'Westminster bubble'?

• The number of MPs who previously worked for political parties increased, especially those MPs in London

• University educated MP’s increased from 40% in 1945, to 75% in 1997

• Labour MP’s from a manual working background decreased from 33% in 1945 to 10% in 1997

Thatcher's policies led to political divisions because of special advisors and career politicians: how did the route MPs took into politics contribute to the 'Westminster bubble'?

• The number of MPs who previously worked for political parties increased, especially those MPs in London

• University educated MP’s increased from 40% in 1945, to 75% in 1997

• Labour MP’s from a manual working background decreased from 33% in 1945 to 10% in 1997