24.3 Threats in the Modern World

U.S. support for Islamic fighters in Afghanistan in response to the Soviet invasion contributed to which outcome?

• the rise of the Taliban

• the displacement of the Kurds

• the outbreak of the Arab Spring

• the formation of the Islamic State

Which objective was the primary concern of world powers when drawing international borders after World War I and World War II?

• respecting the inhabitants’ desire for independence

• rewarding countries that had fought successfully

• balancing power among ethnic groups

• redistributing resources equally

How did the Rwandan genocide contribute to the outbreak of the first Congo Civil War?

• by driving Hutu refugees into the unstable ethnic climate of Zaire

• by distracting international peacekeepers from their mission in Zaire

• by forcing Tutsi guerillas to seek arms and support in neighboring Zaire

• by obligating kinship groups in Zaire and neighboring countries to help stop the killings

Which statement best explains the Taliban’s rise to power in Afghanistan?

• The Soviet Union supported the Taliban with military training and economic assistance

• The Taliban emerged as the strongest among competing ethnic and tribal groups once the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan

• The Soviet Union imposed religious restrictions that sparked a unified resistance movement led by the Taliban

• The Taliban gained support through its propaganda campaign promoting independence from the Soviet Union

Which phrase best characterizes the Syrian Civil War?

• an environmental conflict over natural resources

• a cultural conflict between two religious groups

• an economic conflict among different classes

• a political conflict over placement of borders

Examine the map.

Title: The Islamic State–Controlled Territory in 2015

Which goal of ISIS is primarily illustrated on this map?

• ending foreign control of the region’s oil resources

• operating in many nations through puppet governments

• using political propaganda to expand its political influence

• creating a global caliphate in the region to impose religious law

Examine the map below.

Title: Percentage of Low-Income People Around the World

How do developed countries try to address the problem shown by the data on this map?

• They offer money, labor, or supplies to developing countries

• They limit their involvement in developing countries to avoid conflicts

• They lower the costs of food, clothing, and transportation in developing countries

• They extract resources from developing countries and then redistribute them equally

Which statement best explains why Germany encouraged conflict between the Hutus and Tutsis?

• If the Hutus and Tutsis fought each other, they would be too distracted to resist German rule

• If the Germans were assertive, the Hutus and Tutsis would let them stay in their country without problems

• If the Hutus and Tutsis believed Germany would help them against each other, they would try to befriend the Germans

• If the Germans rewarded the Hutus and Tutsis for opposing each other, the two tribes would be motivated to obey colonial leaders

Read the information below.

After gaining independence in 1962, the Hutu-led government of Rwanda enacted restrictions against the former ruling class, the Tutsis. Economic hardship increased Hutu persecution of Tutsis, and many Tutsis fled the country. Violence broke out between Hutu forces and Tutsi guerillas. A peace agreement provided for a coalition government and the return of Tutsi refugees. However, extremist Hutus killed

President Habyarimana and blamed his death on Tutsi rebels.

How did the events described above lead to genocide?

• They intensified border disputes

• They prevented certain groups from leaving

• They fueled resistance against colonial powers

• They increased resentment between social classes

Examine the map below.

Title: Refugee Map

Which statement most likely describes conditions in the darkest shaded countries on this map?

• They deal with consistently destructive weather, which motivates people to leave

• They have many immigrants, which contributes to social inequality

• They have universal education, which motivates people to travel

• They experience conflict, which contributes to poverty