chapter: antimicrobial treatment #

2) An antimicrobial that inhibits cell wall synthesis will result in which of the following?

• A) Cells become more susceptible to osmotic pressure.

• B) Cells cannot attach to their hosts.

• C) Ribosomes lose their function.

• D) The sterols in the cell wall become nonfunctional.

• E) The replication of cells, including cancer cells, slows down.

Answer explanation

Bloom Rank: Comprehension

Section: Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action

3) Beta-lactam antibiotics have an effect on which of the following types of cells?

• A) animal cells

• B) bacterial cells

• C) fungal cells

• D) virus-infected cells

• E) both animal and fungal cells

Answer explanation

Bloom Rank: Comprehension

Section: Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action

4) Which of the following is a primary advantage of semisynthetic drugs?

• A) They are less stable and consequently have fewer side effects.

• B) They work faster.

• C) They have a broader spectrum of action.

• D) They must be administered intravenously.

• E) They are not readily absorbed, so they persist longer.

Answer explanation

Blooms Rank: Comprehension

Section: Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action

5) Which of the following drugs specifically targets cell walls that contain arabinogalactan-

mycolic acid?

• A) vancomycin

• B) penicillin

• C) methicillin

• D) isoniazid

• E) bacitracin

Answer explanation

Blooms Rank: Comprehension

Section: Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action

6) Which of the following antibiotics disrupts cytoplasmic membrane function?

• A) streptomycin

• B) erythromycin

• C) tetracycline

• D) penicillin

• E) amphotericin B

Answer explanation

Blooms Rank: Comprehension

Section: Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action

7) Which of the following is NOT a target of drugs that inhibit protein synthesis?

• A) the shape of the 30S ribosomal subunit

• B) interference with alanine-alanine bridges

• C) the enzymatic site of the 50S ribosomal subunit

• D) movement of the ribosome from one codon to the next

• E) the tRNA docking site

Answer explanation

Blooms Rank: Comprehension

Section: Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action

8) Which scientist coined the term antibiotic?

• A) Fleming

• B) Domagk

• C) Kirby

• D) Ehrlich

• E) Waksman

Answer explanation

Blooms Rank: Knowledge

Section: The History of Antimicrobial Agents

9) The most limited group of antimicrobial agents is the __________ drugs.

• A) antibacterial

• B) antifungal

• C) anthelmintic

• D) antiviral

• E) antiprotozoan

Answer explanation

Bloom's Rank: Comprehension

Section: Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action

10) Another term for the Kirby-Bauer test is the

• A) minimum inhibitory concentration test.

• B) E test.

• C) diffusion susceptibility test.

• D) minimum bactericidal concentration test.

• E) broth dilution test.

Answer explanation

Bloom's Rank: Comprehension

Section: Clinical Considerations in Prescribing Antimicrobial Drugs

11) Which of the following statements about the zone of inhibition is FALSE?

• A) It is measured as a diameter.

• B) The larger the zone, the more resistant the organism is.

• C) It is a clearing zone with no growth.

• D) It is a result of diffusion of the drug out of the paper disk.

• E) It is measured after incubation.

Answer explanation

Bloom's Rank: Comprehension

Section: Clinical Considerations in Prescribing Antimicrobial Drugs