psyc final 9

Stereotypes are inevitably activated when we encounter people from other groups.

• true

• false

Which of the following defines the natural cognitive process by which we place individuals into social groups?

• socialization procedure

• pipelining

• cognitive analysis

• social categorization

Social categorization occurs _____.

• when individuals are not stereotyped by their views

• gradually and progressively

• without much thought on our part

• when natural cognitive processes are inactive

Students of a college consider themselves a group. This process of including oneself in a group is called _____.

• socialization procedure

• pipelining

• cognitive analysis

• social categorization

Charles is highly attached to a group of friends. He often makes the ultimate attribution error when his friends commit mistakes. Which of the following is the most likely conclusion that Charles will make if one of his close friends beats up a person?

• Charles will conclude that most of his friends are violent individuals.

• Charles will decide to stay away from his group for a few days.

• Charles will attribute the mistake to the person who fought with his friend.

• Charles will make a strong internal attribution about his group of friends.

Which of the following mirrors the important U.S. Supreme Court Case Brown versus Board of Education in 1954?

• A civil suit against a teacher who misused the property of a public university in California

• A criminal suit against a person who murdered a school's board member

• A lawsuit against a school that refused admission to an African-American student

• A lawsuit against a school that exceeded its intake limit of the number of students in a class

Members of a group tend to support each other when they face problems. This is an example of the black sheep effect.

• true

• false

You are part of a highly cohesive group and you often face the ultimate attribution error. What conclusion will you likely make when an ingroup member engages in constructive behavior?

• You will consider it a stable internal characteristic.

• You will attribute it to temporary situational variables.

• You will consider it an unstable negative group characteristic.

• You will attribute it to the behavior of the specific member.

Which of the following is a valid observation about ingroup favoritism?

• Ingroup favoritism is unlikely with unimportant groupings.

• Ingroup favoritism occurs only with real groups.

• Ingroup favoritism occurs with virtual groups also.

• Ingroup favoritism is initiated when children become adults.

The _____ results in the tendency for each of the competing groups to perceive the other extremely negatively.

• ultimate attribution error

• black sheep effect

• bogus pipeline procedure

• social dominance orientation