Biology EOC Review Quiz 1

There are some similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• lysosome

• mitochondrion

• nucleus

• ribosome

Look at the cross section of a cell membrane of a eukaryotic cell. H+ ions are being pumped from a low concentration to a high concentration. How do you describe this type of transport across the cell membrane?

• active transport

• passive transport

• facilitated diffusion

• co-transport

Answer explanation

The only type of transport that requires the use of energy (ATP) is active transport.

Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?

• bacteria

• plants only

• animals only

• both plant and animal cells

Answer explanation

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus to contain genetic material.

Which characteristic do most plants have in common?

• they are unicellular

• they are prokaryotic

• they produce seeds

• they are autotrophic

Answer explanation

Autotrophs produce their own energy (plants do this through photosynthesis).

Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?

• ribosome - protein synthesis

• mitochondrion - movement

• vacuole - cell division

• nucleus - storage of nutrients

The diagram below represents a cell of a green plant. Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

A - nucleus; appears to contain a smaller structure (most likely the nucleolus)

B - cell membrane

C - too large; chloroplasts are relatively large and many are found in one cell

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?

• The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.

• The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.

• The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.

• The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution.

The diagram below represents a cell.

Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Which of these bests completes this concept map?

• an animal cell

• a prokaryotic cell

• a virus

• a plant cell

Look at the diagram of a cross-section of a cell membrane below.

The cell membrane controls movement of materials into and out of the cell. The following particles are moving from high concentration to low concentration and are using a carrier protein. How would you describe this type of movement across the membrane?

• simple osmosis

• active transport

• simple diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

Answer explanation

Facilitated diffusion requires "help" from proteins, but no energy (ATP).