Chapter 38 The Digestive System & Excretory System Vocab

is equal to 1000 calories, or 1 kilocalorie

• Calorie

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Vitamins

sugar; main source of energy for the body

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Vitamins

• Minerals

supply raw materials for growth and repair of structures such as skin and muscle

• Proteins

• Vitamins

• Minerals

• Amylase

organic molecules that help regulate body processes, often working with enzymes

• Vitamins

• Proteins

• Esophagus

• Peristalsis

inorganic nutrients that the body needs, usually in small amounts

• Minerals

• Amylase

• Esophagus

• Peristalsis

an enzyme that breaks the chemical bonds in starches and releases sugars

• Amylase

• Esophagus

• Peristalsis

• Stomach

food tube into the stomach

• Esophagus

• Peristalsis

• Stomach

• Chyme

contractions, that squeeze the food through the esophagus into the stomach

• Peristalsis

• Stomach

• Chyme

• Pyloric valve

a large muscular sac where food from the esophagus empties into

• Stomach

• Chyme

• Duodenum

• Pancreas

the mixture of stomach fluids and food

• Chyme

• Pyloric valve

• Duodenum

• Small intestine