ERGO-DA

is a science-based principle that incorporates expertise from other subjects, such as anatomy and physiology, psychology, engineering and statistics, to ensure that designs match people’s strength and abilities and minimize the impact of their shortcomings.

(a)  

is a system where one or more workmen/ human beings work in relation with one or more machines, devices or equipment.

• Design of Man-Machine Systems:
• Design of Consumer Goods and Service Systems:
• Design of Working Environment:

Ergonomics is applicable in the design of ___ starting from design of tooth brush and other items such as dinning set; sofa set; kitchen ware, house hold fittings table and shoes etc.

• Design of Man-Machine Systems:
• Design of Consumer Goods and Service Systems:
• Design of Working Environment:

While designing a proper ___ for work force/workers at work, the various factors related with ergonomics such as human endurance of illumination, pollution, noise heating and ventilation should be taken into consideration.

• Design of Man-Machine Systems:
• Design of Consumer Goods and Service Systems:
• Design of Working Environment:

is concerned with human anatomical, anthropometric, physiological and biomechanical characteristics as they relate to physical activity.

• Physical ergonomics
• Cognitive ergonomics
• Organizational ergonomics

is concerned with the optimization of sociotechnical systems, including their organizational structures, policies, and processes.

• Physical ergonomics
• Cognitive ergonomics
• Organizational ergonomics

is concerned with mental processes, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response, as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system.

• Physical ergonomics
• Cognitive ergonomics
• Organizational ergonomics

are postures where, when either sitting or standing, the body is aligned and balanced, putting minimal stress on the body and holding joints aligned.

(a)  

The opposite of a neutral posture is a __ shift in the range of motion away from the neutral posture towards the extremes.

• front postures
• awkward postures
• toward postures
• back posture

The ___ for lifting is close to the body, between mi-thigh and mid-chest height. This zone is where the arms and back can lift the most with the least amount of effort.

• upper zone
• neutral zone
• power zone
• awkward zone