EOC Review III: Politics and Policy

What was one reason there were food shortages during the Civil War?

• Most of the farm workers served in the military

• Most of the farm products were too expensive to buy

• Most of the farmland was used for prisoner of war camps

• Most of the farming machinery was confiscated by the federal government

Which of the following is the largest expenditure of the Social Security Administration?

• payments to retirees

• payments to low-income people

• payments to homeless veterans

• payments to people with disabilities

Some Americans support severe 'mandatory minimum' prison sentences and/or the death penalty because they argue that they ​ (a)   .

• deter people from committing crimes
• remove only violent criminals
• decrease nonviolent offences
• rehabilitate offenders
• reduce the cost of prisons
• improve public morale

Which of the following best describe a negative effect of NAFTA (the North American Free Trade Agreement)?

• loss of low-wage manufacturing jobs

• stronger enforcement of environmental laws

• creation of high-wage service jobs

• weaker investment in transportation infrastructure

The image was created in response to the 1872 Crédit Mobilier Scandal which involved:

• Political corruption in Ulysses S. Grant's cabinet.

• Covert attacks on citizens who opposed Ulysses S. Grant.

• Unlawful imprisonment of people infected with Typhoid fever.

• Attempts by members of the Democratic Party to invest in Railroads.

Secondary Source: “Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between two profound ideas—healing and justice.... [T]hese two aims never developed in historical balance. One might conclude that this imbalance between outcomes of sectional healing and racial justice was simply America’s inevitable historical condition....But theories of inevitability...are rarely satisfying.... The sectional reunion after so horrible a civil war was a political triumph by the late nineteenth century, but it could not have been achieved without the resubjugation of many of those people whom the war had freed from centuries of bondage. This is the tragedy lingering on the margins and infesting the heart of American history from Appomattox to World War I.”

Which of the following changes described above as 'racial justice' would occur during the time period described?

• the establishment of a constitutional basis for citizenship and voting rights

• the creation of legal bodies to prevent racial discrimination in employment

• the movement for a 'war on poverty' to combat socio-racial inequalities

• the desegregation of the armed forces of the United States

Secondary Source: “Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between two profound ideas—healing and justice.... [T]hese two aims never developed in historical balance. One might conclude that this imbalance between outcomes of sectional healing and racial justice was simply America’s inevitable historical condition....But theories of inevitability...are rarely satisfying.... The sectional reunion after so horrible a civil war was a political triumph by the late nineteenth century, but it could not have been achieved without the resubjugation of many of those people whom the war had freed from centuries of bondage. This is the tragedy lingering on the margins and infesting the heart of American history from Appomattox to World War I.”

Which of the following best explains the reason for what the author refers to as 'reconciliation'?

• Efforts to change southern racial attitudes ultimately failed because of violent resistance and waning resolve.

• Mass immigration of 'New Immigrants' and internal migration of African Americans reduced racial tensions

• The establishment of a social welfare programs reduced regional differences.

• Social Darwinism encouraged political and business leaders to reduce efforts to create racial equality in the South.

US foreign policy in the past couple decades has been complicated by the unwillingness of the US to participate in agreements to:

• increase wages in developing countries.

• reduce carbon emissions.

• increase trade barriers.

• reduce international business corruption.

The cartoon shown was created in response to what many at the time called 'Seward's folly' after Secretary of State William Seward's:

(a)  

• Purchase of Alaska
• Removal from Office
• Intervention in the Russo-Japanese war
• Invasion of the Philippines
• 'Gunboat Diplomacy' against Japan
• Extension of diplomatic relations with Russia
• Plans for a Transcontinental Railroad

Why did Lincoln feel it important to ratify the 13th amendment?

• to officially abolish slavery everywhere in the United States.

• to provide a way for formerly enslaved people to receive an education.

• to allow enslaved people to vote in federal elections.

• to give citizenship to formerly enslaved people who had fought in the war.