Chapter 9 Test

Which of the following is NOT a factor in natural selection?

• Individuals of species compete with one another to survive.

• Lions with darker manes being preferred as mates.

• Individuals better able to adapt to changes leave more offspring.

Individuals that are better able to cope with the challenges of their environment tend to

• Leave fewer offspring than those less suited to the environment

• Decrease in population over time

• Increase in population over time

The process in which organisms with traits well suited to an environment are more likely to survive and to produce offspring is…

• genetic principles

• natural selection

• origin of species

• natural origins

The theory of “Common descent with modification” states that all modern organisms…

• are descended from a single ancestral species

• can be arranged in a linear order from “least evolved” to “most evolved”

• can change in response to environmental change

Overuse of antibiotics has caused antibiotic resistance in some bacteria in a population. Which statement describes the most likely impact of natural selection on the bacteria population?

• Beneficial mutations have decreased, resulting in a larger population than normal

• More antibiotic-resistant bacteria have survived, resulting in more offspring with this trait.

•  Only the genes for antibiotic resistance are now expressed eliminating other genes

Structures with the same parts that have different functions like the wings of a bat and our human hand are an example of…

• Vestigial structures

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

Structures with no function that are remnants of an organism’s evolutionary past are

• not visible organisims

• Young in origin

• Vestigial

The presence of pelvic bones in the baleen whale is evidence of which of the following?

• Whales are developing into animals with four functioning limbs.

• whales evolved from 4 legged animals

• Whales have functional legs that are hidden by fat and skin.

Butterfly wings and birds wings are different structures that serve a similar function. The wings would be an example of…

• Vestigial structures

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

The theory of evolution by natural selection means that what is changing over time?

• Hair color and eye color

• The acquired traits of a population.

• The inherited traits of a population.