KS Practice #6 Energy Processes

The diagram shows an energy transformation that typically occurs in plant cell plastids. Which statement best describes this role of plastids in the plant cell?

• Chloroplasts transform light energy into chemical energy.

• Mitochondria transform light energy into chemical energy.

• Chloroplasts transform chemical energy into electromagnetic energy.

• Mitochondria transform chemical energy into electromagnetic energy

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Which statement best compares the energy transformations of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• Only photosynthesis uses oxygen to create energy.

• Only photosynthesis causes an increase in kinetic energy.

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both store energy in chemical bonds.

• Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both require chemical energy to make food.

Which two statements correctly describe one similarity and one difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

• statements 1 and 2

• statements 1 and 4

• statements 2 and 3

• statements 3 and 4

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Plant cells use sunlight to make their own food. Which structure allows plant cells to perform this function?

• nucleus

• vacuole

• chloroplast

• mitochondrion

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Which statement best explains why cellular respiration in plants and other organisms is dependent on photosynthesis?

• Photosynthesis is one of the final steps in cellular respiration.

• Photosynthesis provides the materials that fuel cellular respiration.

• Photosynthesis absorbs excess energy produced by cellular respiration.

• Photosynthesis absorbs materials that are catalyzed during cellular respiration.

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A plant cell uses the molecules in the list to synthesize a protein. What role do the ATP molecules play in the protein synthesis process?

• They provide energy.

• They increase activation energy.

• They convert energy into hereditary information.

• They absorb excess energy to prevent overheating.

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Which statement best describes a relationship between mitochondria and chloroplasts?

• Mitochondria release chemical energy from molecules and store it in chloroplasts.

• Chloroplasts release chemical energy from molecules and store it in mitochondria.

• Mitochondria convert chemical energy into light energy that can be used by chloroplasts.

• Chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy that can be used by mitochondria

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Which process uses the products of photosynthesis as reactants?

• active transport

• cellular respiration

• DNA replication

• protein synthesis

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A student made lists of structures observed in cells from two different organisms. Which statement describes the most likely difference in the way that organism 1 and organism 2 obtain energy?

• Only organism 1 uses solar energy to make energy-rich compounds.

• Only organism 1 stores solar energy until it is needed for its life processes.

• Only organism 2 produces molecules for long-term energy storage.

• Only organism 2 transforms food energy into ATP during cellular respiration.

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A cell in the leaf of a green plant performs both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, often at the same time. Which statement best describes how these processes are related to each other?

• Both processes produce carbon dioxide.

• Both processes require energy directly from the Sun.

• Products of one process are used as some of the reactants for the other process.

• Thermal energy from one process is used as the energy source for the other process.

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