Chapter 2

The chemical messengers that carry signals across the space between two neurons are known as the:

• axon

• neurotransmitters

• synapse

• myelin sheath

A fatty, waxy substance that insulates portions of some neurons in the nervous system is known as:

• a neuron

• a glia cell

• myelin

• a dendrite

The branch-like structure on the head of the neuron that receives incoming signals from other neurons is known as the:

• axon

• neuron

• nucleus

• dendrite

The long tail-like structure growing out of the cell body of a neuron that carries action potentials to send information to the synapse is known as the:

• axon

• neuron

• nucleus

• dendrite

The charged particles that play an important role in the firing action of potentials in the nervous system are known as:

• synapses

• ions

• glia

• axons

The process through which neurotransmitters are recycled back into the presynaptic neuron is known as:

• excitation

• inhibition

• refactorization

• reuptake

Which of the following neurotransmitters is linked to both Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia?

• serotonin

• dopamine

• acetylcholine

• glutamate

Sasha goes for a long run, and when he finishes he has a feeling of pleasure and well-being. he can credit this "runner's high" feeling to which neurotransmitter?

• dopamine

• endorphins

• norepinephrine

• serotonin

Compared to humans, animals like cats and rats have:

• more wrinkled cerebral cortices

• large cerebral cortices

• smoother cerebral cortices

• more sophisticated cerebral cortices

Neurons that transmit information from the sense organs to the central nervous system are known as:

• sensory neurons

• motor neurons

• central neurons

• peripheral neurons