musculoskeletal system

Which of the following diseases is associated with

thymomas?

• Myasthenia Gravis

• Lambert Eaton Syndrome

• Botulism

What is the pathophysiology of Lambert Eaton

Syndrome?

• Infectious agent destroys Ach receptors on the muscle

  membrane

• Autoantibodies destroy Voltage-gated sodium

  channels on the muscle cell

• Cellular immune system targets V-snare proteins

• Humoral immune system targets Voltage-gated

  Calcium channels on the neuron

Regarding joints

• Atlanto-occipital joint is a pivot joint

• A ball and socket joint allows movement in two axes

• Fibrous joint is found in between parietal bones

• Hyaline cartilage covers non-articular area of a synovial joint

• Symphysis pubis is a secondary cartilaginous joint

Regarding histology of muscle tissue

• A skeletal muscle fibre is multinucleated

• T-tubule of cardiac muscle fibre is accompanied by two terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum

• Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped

• I band is the site of overlapping between actin and myosin filaments

• Cardiac muscle fibres are branched

Regarding structure of connective tissue proteins

• Proteoglycan contains glycosaminoglycans

• Fibrillin provides a scaffold for deposition of elastin

• Elastin has triple helical structure

• Laminin is a major protein component of basement membranes

• Collagen molecule is encoded by single gene

Regarding skeleton and muscle

• Biceps brachii is the antagonist of brachialis muscle

• Growth in length of a long bone occurs in the epiphyseal plate

• Sternum is a long bone

• Fibrocartilage is present in the ear pinna

• Deltoid is a multipennate muscle

Regarding the development of musculoskeletal system

• Neural crest cell forms the neurocranium

• Somites give rise to skeletal muscle

• Apical ectodermal ridge exert influence on the development of digits

• Primary ossification centre appears after birth

• Prechordal plate forms base of skull