1. What is electrophoresis?

• 1. a. The study of electrical properties of food

• 1. b. The separation of charged molecules based on their mobility in an electric field

• 1. c. The measurement of electrical conductivity in food samples

• 1. d. The production of electricity using food as a fuel source

1. Which of the following is not a principle of electrophoresis?

• 1. a. Charge

• 1. b. Size

• 1. c. Shape

• 1. d. Color

1. Gel electrophoresis is commonly used for:

• 1. a. DNA analysis

• 1. b. Measuring pH levels in food

• 1. c. Determining sugar content in beverages

• 1. d. Assessing protein denaturation

1. Agarose gel electrophoresis is primarily used for the separation of:

• 1. a. Proteins

• 1. b. Carbohydrates

• 1. c. DNA

• 1. d. Small proteins

1. Which of the following is true about polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)?

• 1. a. It is used to separate proteins based on size and charge

• 1. b. It is exclusively used for DNA analysis

• 1. c. It requires the use of agarose gel as a matrix

• 1. d. It is used for the separation of lipids

1. What is the purpose of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in SDS-PAGE?

• 1. a. To denature proteins

• 1. b. To enhance protein binding to the gel matrix

• 1. c. To visualize protein bands

• 1. d. To neutralize the charge of proteins

1. In gel electrophoresis, the migration of charged molecules occurs towards the:

• 1. a. Cathode

• 1. b. Anode

• 1. c. Grounding electrode

• 1. d. Buffer reservoir

1. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the migration rate of molecules in gel electrophoresis?

• 1. a. Electric field strength

• 1. b. Gel pore size

• 1. c. Molecular weight

• 1. d. Buffer composition

1. Which of the following statements is true regarding DNA fragments in agarose gel electrophoresis?

• 1. a. Smaller fragments migrate faster than larger fragments

• 1. b. Larger fragments migrate faster than smaller fragments

• 1. c. All fragments migrate at the same rate

• 1. d. The migration rate depends on the DNA sequence

15. Which of the following statements is true about PAGE?

• 15. a. It is used to denature proteins prior to separation

• 15. b. It separates proteins based on size and charge

• 15. c. It requires the use of SDS as a denaturing agent

• 15. d. It is primarily used for DNA analysis