Bio SOL - Strand 3: System and Organism Level

Studying the differences between fossils and modern organisms helps scientists better understand the -

• role of mutation in life functions

• primary function of key macromolecules

• adaptation of organisms through acquired traits

• evolution of organisms over time

Darwin's explanation for evolution was dependent on which scientific concept?

• The ability of organisms to learn

• The significance of social behaviors in survival

• The existence of variations in populations

• The relationship between size and survival

Which best helps scientists determine the age of fossils?

• physical traits

• genetic makeup

• reproductive strategy

• radioactive isotopes

Red flower color is dominant to white flower color in rose plants. What is the expected result of a cross between two heterozygous rose plants?

• 100% red

• 75% red, 25% white

• 50% red, 50% white

• 25% red, 75% white

A microorganism which releases water into its environment to regulate its salinity during osmosis is undergoing a process that is similar to a human being who releases moisture on a hot day. This process that helps keep both the organisms and the human body in balance is known as -

• homeostasis

• cell division

• heredity

• mutation

Bacteria are tremendously successful unicellular organisms, yet all large organisms are multicellular. Unicellular organisms cannot grow very large because -

• energy expenditures would be too great

• locomotion of the organism would be too slow

• diffusion of nutrients into the cell's interior would be too slow

• respiratory rate would be too high

According to the key, to what family does the insect above belong to?

• Dytiscidae

• Haliplidae

• Gymidae

• Noteridae

The chart shows vertebrate embryo development. Which of these would be least related to the others?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

All the organisms shown belong to the phylum Chordata. The structural similarity in the organisms suggests that

• the humerus is attached to the skeleton by immovable joints

• only animals that walk on 4 legs need the humerus

• the humerus is the same size in all chordates

• chordates have common ancestors

In 1910, Thomas Morgan discovered traits linked to sex chromosomes in the fruit fly. The Punnett square shows the cross between red-eyed females and white-eyed males. Fruit flies usually have red eyes. If a female and male offspring from the cross shown are allowed to mate, what would the offspring probably look like?

• 2 red-eyed females, 2 white-eyed males

• 2 red-eyed females, 1 red-eyed male, 1 white-eyed male

• 1 red-eyed female and 1 white eyed female; 2 red-eyed males

• 2 red-eyed females, 2 red eyed males