interplay of energy systems 2

What is the primary fuel source for low-intensity, long-duration activities like walking or light jogging?

• Fatty acids: Stored body fat is broken down to provide energy.
• Glucose: Carbohydrates are utilized as the primary fuel source.
• Lactate: Lactate accumulation occurs but is not the primary fuel source.
• Amino acids: Proteins are not the primary fuel source during low-intensity activities.

Which energy system provides ATP for the first few seconds of high-intensity exercise?

• ATP-PCr system: Creatine phosphate stores rapidly release ATP.
• Anaerobic glycolysis system: Glucose breakdown provides ATP.
• Aerobic system: Oxygen-dependent ATP production is not immediate during high-intensity exercise.
• No ATP production: ATP is produced, although not from the specified system.

What are the main limiting factors in the anaerobic glycolysis system during high-intensity activities like a 400-meter race?

• Accumulation of hydrogen ions (H+), glycogen depletion
• Accumulation of lactate, fatty acid depletion
• Accumulation of ATP, creatine phosphate depletion
• Accumulation of oxygen, glucose depletion

What happens to the ATP-PCr system when the demand for ATP production exceeds the availability of stored creatine phosphate?

• System becomes less effective, relying more on anaerobic glycolysis resulting in a decrease in work output
• System becomes more efficient, resulting in increased ATP production
• System shuts down, relying solely on the aerobic system for ATP production
• System converts to an anaerobic system, producing ATP through fermentation

Why does the body rely on carbohydrate intake before prolonged endurance activities?

• Glycogen stores are the primary fuel source during exercise as they require less oxygen to breakdown and can resynthesise ATP at a higher rate
• Increases fat metabolism and utilization as the primary energy source
• Enhances muscle protein synthesis and recovery
• Optimizes oxygen delivery to working muscles

How does the body recovery phase after intense exercise?

• Replenishes creatine phosphate stores, converts lactate to pyruvate, restores glycogen stores
• Breaks down creatine phosphate, releasing ATP
• Produces lactate and converts it directly to ATP
• Converts glucose to glycogen and stores it in muscles

Why does the lactate concentration in the blood increase during high-intensity exercise?

• Lactate production from anaerobic glycolysis exceed lactate removal
• Breakdown of muscle proteins into lactate
• Conversion of glucose to lactate through aerobic metabolism
• Release of stored lactate from adipose tissue

How does the aerobic system contribute to ATP production during long-duration activities like a marathon?

• Breaks down glycogen and fatty acids through aerobic metabolism
• Breaks down stored ATP and releases it for energy
• Converts lactate to pyruvate and uses it to generate ATP
• Converts glucose to lactate and utilizes it for ATP synthesis

Which energy system is primarily responsible for ATP production during activities lasting 30 seconds to 2 minutes, like a 800-meter run?

• Combination of ATP-PCr system and anaerobic glycolysis: Initial burst followed by glycolysis
• Aerobic system: Sustained ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation
• Fatty acid oxidation: Mainly used during longer-duration endurance activities
• Lactic acid system: Associated with short-term, high-intensity activities

What are the primary limiting factors in the ATP-PCr system during high-intensity, short-duration activities like a 100-meter sprint?

• Depletion of creatine phosphate stores, accumulation of ADP
• Accumulation of lactate, glycogen depletion
• Accumulation of hydrogen ions (H+), fatty acid oxidation
• Accumulation of oxygen, glucose depletion