Natural selection and evolution BIO REVIEW

Characteristics of a species that make its members better able to live and reproduce in their environment are known as

• abiotic factors
• biotic factors
• homologous structures
• favorable adaptations. 

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The theory of natural selection was a hypothesis first proposed by

• Gregor Mendel
• James Waston and Francis Crick
• Charles Darwin
• Robert Hooke

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Which statement best describes evolution.

• evolution is a predictable change from simple to complex organisms
• evolution is a process of change through time
• evolution causes organisms to develop characteristics they need
• evolution often proceeds from complex to simpler organisms. 

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A change in the gene pool due to death or isolation is called

• natural selection 
• biochemistry
• genetic drift
• mutations 

Using the information from the chart, which two organisms are the closest in evolutionary distance from a common ancestor?

• horse-zebra
• human-gorilla
• human-chimpanzee
• horse-chimpanzee 

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What is an example of natural selection?

• tortoise population that eats tall cacti develops longer necks over time

• a dog breed becomes smaller because of human demand

• a white moth is predated on a dark tree

• a population of trees is killed by a large flood

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A study of the position and shape of the bones in the forelimbs of a flying squirrel, a bat, and a beaver showed that the beaver and the flying squirrel appear to be most closely related.  This determination was most likely based on a study in the field of comparative

• anatomy
• biochemisty
• cytology
• embryology. 

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The diagrams below represent homologous structures.  The study of the evolutionary relationships between these structures is known as comparative... 

• embryology
• anatomy
• biochemistry
• cytology 

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What is fitness?

• How strong an organism is

• How well adapted an organism is to its environment

• The lifespan of an organism

• The characteristics that can be passed on to the next generation

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Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• Because they come from dominant alleles.
• Because they come from recessive alleles.
• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

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