Mid test pragmatics

What is pragmatics?

• Meaning in use & meaning in context

• The branch of linguistics dealing with

  language in use and the contexts in

  which it is used

• Studies on relationships between forms

  and the users of the forms

• All of the above

Levels of meaning includes abstract meaning - which can also be defined as

• utterance meaning

• communicative purpose

• dictionary meaning

• speaker's intention

When you are in a known domain of discourse or when you know what social roles your

interactant occupies, you will probably

(Except)

• have difficulty in assigning sense and

  reference

• have little difficulty to determine words

  in/with context

• have little difficulty in assigning the

  correct sense to an ambiguous lexical

  item

• have problems when there are rapid

  changes of topic

Contextual meaning is also known as

• Lexical meaning

• Utterance meaning

• Abstract meaning

• Force utterance

The third level of meaning is _____ concerns with speaker's intention.

• Speaker's intention

• Meaning in a use

• Force of utterance

• Diectic Expression

Words can sometimes be confusing - we can always assign ________ to make meaning out

of word in question.

• Meaning

• Reference

• Sense

• Attutude

Deixis which means 'pointing' via language is

... (Except)

• Is derived from the context of utterance

• Tied to speaker's context

• Make sense out of meaning

• A form of refering

Structural ambiguity occurs when

• the source of ambiguity is syntactic

• The source of ambiguity in semantic

• the source of ambiguity is pragmatic

• the source of ambiguity is stylistic

Utterance meaning is important because

• failing to assign the right reference

  based on context could be a matter of

  life and death

• It can make the hearer confused

• well-formed sentences produced by

  native speakers are mostly ambiguous

  when taken out of context

• sometimes sense and reference can be

  ambiguous that we need context to

  interpret meaning

Which permutation of understanding utterance meaning and force describes this best:

"A hearer who fails to establish the utterance meaning correctly or at all may fail to

understand the force the speaker intended"

• Understanding utterance meaning but

  not force

• Understanding both utterance meaning

  and context

• Understanding neither utterance

  meaning nor force

• Understanding force but not utterance

  meaning