Which statement BEST describes an artistic impact of the Italian Renaissance?

• The use of religious themes in art diminished drastically.

• Art moved away from realism and toward mystery.

• Art became more stylized to appeal to wealthy patron families.

• The use of perspective allowed more accuracy.

What radical new perspective did Copernicus' find about the universe?

• a geocentric perspective

• a heliocentric perspective

• hypothetical perspective

• a lunar perspective

How did France’s social divisions in the late 1700s contribute to the French Revolution?

• All of the estates in French society believed the government should be changed.

• Members of the First Estate believed those in the Second Estate should have greater rights and privileges.

• Members of the Second Estate demanded significant social and financial refor

• Members of the Third Estate were dissatisfied with social and economic inequality.

How did France’s radical revolutionaries try to protect the revolution?

• by writing a new constitution

• by compromising with the monarchy

• by dealing harshly with enemies of the revolution

• by seeking peace with neighboring countries

My did Columbus reach the Caribbean islands rather than the East Indies?

• He did not know that he had sailed far off course until he landed near present-day Argentina.

• He greatly underestimated the size of Earth and did not realize that North and South America existed.

• He was unaware that Earth was a sphere and so did not pursue his plan of sailing west.

• He ran out of food and water and landed too soon.

The control of most trade between Asia and Europe in the 1400s by Arab and Italian merchants caused

• disruption in trade of luxury goods brought overland to Europe.

• Europeans outside Italy to search for direct access to Asia.

• Renaissance curiosity to spark a major religious revival in Europe.

• Europeans outside Italy to seek direct access to North Africa

Why were the results of Columbus’s first meeting with Native Americans in the West Indies important?

• It had a sudden, short-term effect on European expansion.

• It had a serious, far-reaching impact on Native Americans.

• It had a major but gradual effect on Portuguese colonization.

• It had an unexpected, long-lasting impact on trade with Africa.

How were the Aztec and Inca empires impacted by Spanish conquistadors an European colonization?

• Conquistadors made peace with the empires, and then Europeans set up colonies.

• The Aztec and Inca empires shrank and survived only into the 1700s.

• Conquistadors destroyed the empires, and then Europeans built new settlements.

• The Aztec and Inca resisted and expelled both conquistadors and European settlers.

What was one main reason why the slave trade greatly expanded beginning around the 1500s

• Africans gave up trying to resist capture by European slave traders.

• Europeans started depending on enslaved people for labor in new colonies.

• Europeans needed more enslaved people to manage the arrival of new colonial goods.

• Arab merchants expanded the slave trade into South and East Asia.

Why was there such a high death rate during the Middle Passage?

• Africans were branded and separated from their families.

• Africans died of diseases and mistreatment.

• Many ships were sunk by pirates and privateers.

• The captains of slave ships were poor navigators.