EOC Gilded Age

This newspaper headline describes an event that occurred in 1894

What was one effect of the event described in this headline?

• increased support for gender equality in labor union membership

• decreased support for socialism by labor union members

• increased federal government involvement in labor union activities

• decreased federal government surveillance of labor union leaders

The demographic structure of the U.S. changed in the late 19th century with the arrival of -

• immigrants from southern & eastern Europe seeking industrial jobs

• political refugees coming to the U.S. from former Spanish colonies

• migrants from Mexico seeking agricultural jobs during a worldwide depression

• German immigrants fleeing Europe prior to the outbreak of the First World War

Factories begin to produce more goods during the 2nd Industrial Revolution

*Workers include young women & children

*Workers work long hours

*Workers earn low wages

During the early 20th century, which action was taken to address the issues shown in this diagram?

• labor reformers secured better working conditions through legislation

• businesses hired fewer immigrants as laborers

• corporations sought greater federal industrial regulations

• businesses created monopolies to increase competition among industries

What was one result of immigration to the northeastern U.S. during the early 20th century?

• factories experienced labor shortages

• cities became more densely populated

• fewer people lived in settlement houses

• fewer diseases spread among urban populations

World's 1st Skyscraper, Chicago, Illinois, 1884

Which development made it possible to construct this type of building?

• the invention of a new process for manufacturing steel

• the government's focus on educating engineers

• the manufacturing of glass that blocks ultraviolet sun rays

• the importation of stronger kinds of wood

Which statement describes how the Transcontinental Railroad affected the U.S. during the late 1800s?

• the railroad contributed to the rapid growth of towns in the West

• the railroad caused a rapid decline in agriculture & mining in the West

• the railroad contributed to population growth & increased sharecropping in the East

• the railroad prompted Congress to buy land & create national parks in the East

Other industrialists, including John D. Rockefeller, merged the operations of many large companies to form a trust. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Trust came to monopolize 90% of the industry... -"The Industrial Revolution in the U.S.," Library of Congress

What was one DIRECT effect of the business practice discussed in this excerpt?

• employees were prevented from buying stock

• there was decreased competition among producers

• consumers were denied access to goods

• there was a lack of employment opportunities for immigrants

How has the free enterprise system contributed to technological innovation?

• companies have reduced their production of goods

• companies have limited the number of employees they hire

• companies have established industry-wide pricing policies

• companies have competed to make better products

Reasons for Economic Problems of the Gilded Age

*Rapid growth of trusts & monopolies

*Ruthless business tactics of robber barons

*Use of unfair practices by the railroads such as rebates, pools, & differential rates

One way the U.S. government responded to the problems caused by the conditions in this list was by

• passing the Interstate Commerce Act

• implementing the silver standard for currency

• creating a federal jobs program for the unemployed

• establishing a new tax on capital gains

How did the invention shown in this patent illustration affect industry?

• machines needed to be repaired less frequently

• products could be manufactured on an assembly line

• businesses needed to hire skilled workers

• factories could extend working hours