5B Cell differentiation Vocabulary

Match the following

• activate

• to turn off

• deactivate

• to make active; to cause to function; to turn on

• cue

• a signal

• cell differentiation

• a basic unit of heredity composed of DNA

• gene

• the process by which a cell becomes specialized

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Match the following

• DNA

• adapted to a particular function or environment

• locomotion

• movement

• specialized

• a process by which a gene creates a product for the cell

• gene expression

• an organic molecule that is made up of amino acids and is essential to life

• protein

• a nucleic acid found in the nucleus of cells and containing hereditary information

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Stem cells are

• cells that grow uncontrollably
• undifferentiated and can be any type of cell
• never go through cell division
• only found in embryos

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Stem cells can be obtained from

• embryos
• some adult tissues
• umbilical cord blood
• all of the above

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

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What is cell differentiation?

• Process by which cells produce more cells
• Process by which cells become specialized
• Process by which cells become unspecialized
• Process by which cells die

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What is one goal of cellular differentiation/specialization?

• To create specialized cells to help organism maintain homeostasis.
• To many cells.
• To make stem cells
• to make single celled organisms

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What is the importance of apoptosis?

• To eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells
• To create specialized cells
• To produce two identical cells
• To cause uncontrolled cell growth

Which property is shared by the cells of all living things?

• The cells contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

• The cells are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and a cell wall made of cellulose.

• The cells have chromosomes that are located inside a membrane-bound nucleus.

• The cells rely on mitochondria to carry out aerobic cellular respiration.

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Which of these components are found in the cells of all living organisms?

 

Select TWO correct answers.

• Cytosine

• Cellulose

• Mitochondria

• Guanine