CCWH#07 ‎2,000 Years of Chinese History!

How is Chinese history divided and characterized?

• Dynasties ruled by a continuous family with emperors or kings.
• Kingdoms based on geographical regions and trade routes.
• Periods defined by significant religious and philosophical developments.
• Periods based on military conquests and expansion.

What is the concept of the Mandate of Heaven in Chinese history?

• A belief that the rise and fall of dynasties are determined by divine intervention based on a ruler's behavior.
• A form of government where the people directly elect their rulers.
• A philosophy emphasizing individual freedom and autonomy.
• A system of governance led by a council of elders.

Who was Confucius, and what did he believe was crucial for a strong state?

• A philosopher who believed moral behavior and hierarchical relationships were key to a strong state.
• A military general who emphasized the importance of military power in governing a state.
• A religious leader who advocated for the separation of church and state.
• An economist who emphasized economic prosperity as the foundation of a strong state.

What are the five key relationships in Confucianism?

• Father and son, ruler and subject, husband and wife, elder brother and younger brother, friend and friend.
• Master and servant, merchant and customer, teacher and student, landlord and tenant, sibling and sibling.
• Priest and worshiper, judge and defendant, employer and employee, neighbor and neighbor, citizen and government.
• Coach and athlete, artist and audience, author and reader, doctor and patient, host and guest.

What was the role of Confucianism in Chinese government and education?

• It became the basis for governance and education, emphasizing moral behavior and the study of classics.
• It was strictly limited to religious and ceremonial practices.
• It was marginalized and had no influence on Chinese society.
• It was reserved for the elite ruling class and excluded the common people.

What is the significance of ren and li in Confucian philosophy?

• Ren refers to proper behavior in relationships, while li refers to rituals and veneration of ancestors.
• Ren refers to philosophical reflection, while li refers to artistic expression.
• Ren refers to agricultural practices, while li refers to military strategies.
• Ren refers to legal principles, while li refers to economic systems.

How did early Chinese historians explain the relationship between a ruler's behavior and the fate of a dynasty?

• They believed that a ruler's proper behavior maintained the Mandate of Heaven and ensured the dynasty's prosperity.
• They believed that a ruler's behavior had no impact on the fate of a dynasty.
• They believed that a ruler's behavior determined the length of a dynasty but not its overall success.
• They believed that a ruler's behavior only affected the common people, not the fate of the dynasty as a whole.

What was the role of early Chinese historians in shaping the narrative of dynastic rise and fall?

• They emphasized moralistic perspectives, attributing it to divine intervention and a ruler's behavior.
• They focused solely on military conquests and territorial expansion.
• They highlighted economic factors as the primary cause of dynastic rise and fall.
• They disregarded the role of historians in shaping the narrative of history.

How does the circularity of Chinese history reflect the relationship between historians and events?

• It highlights the reciprocal influence between historians and the events they document.
• It demonstrates the repetitive nature of historical events in Chinese history.
• It signifies the cyclical nature of dynastic rise and fall.
• It symbolizes the constant pursuit of historical accuracy by Chinese historians.

What was the significance of the Xia Dynasty in Chinese history?

• The Xia Dynasty is considered fictional and has no historical basis.
• The Xia Dynasty introduced significant technological advancements.
• The Xia Dynasty marked a period of great artistic and cultural flourishing.
• The Xia Dynasty established a democratic system of government.