Summer School - RC

The scientists from Seafoam Island collected a lot of data about Seafoam Reef over time. They used their data to make projections about Seafoam Reef's future. A projection is an informed estimate of how an environment will change under certain conditions.

The graph below shows one of the scientists' projections. This projection shows how the percent seaweed cover, or percentage of Seafoam Reef covered by seaweed, will change if nothing is done to stop boat anchors from damaging corals.

• All of the corals on Seafoam Reef will die out.

• The percent seaweed cover will increase by at least 10% every 5 years.

• More than 85% of Seafoam Reef will be covered in seaweed.

Which is the correct order for the steps?

• More boats were used to take tourists to the reef. Boat anchors broke more corals on the reef. More tourists came to the island to visit Seafoam Reef. More boat anchors hit corals or dragged along the reef.

• More boats were used to take tourists to the reef. More boat anchors hit corals or dragged along the reef. Boat anchors broke more corals on the reef. More tourists came to the island to visit Seafoam Reef.

• More tourists came to the island to visit Seafoam Reef. More boats were used to take tourists to the reef. More boat anchors hit corals or dragged along the reef. Boat anchors broke more corals on the reef.

Which of the following statements describe individuals receiving ecosystem services from Seafoam Reef? Select the two best choices.

• A carpenter uses wood from a forest to build furniture for his or her family.

• A shopkeeper makes a living by selling souvenirs to tourists visiting the reef.

• An eel catches prey that live among the corals on the reef.

• A person at a restaurant 100 miles away eats seafood from the reef.

Which of the following statements describe individuals receiving ecosystem services from Seafoam Reef? Select the three best choices.

• A dive operator earns money by taking tourists on tours of the reef.

• A small crab uses the corals on the reef to hide from predators.

• A tourist feels happier and more relaxed while scuba diving on the reef.

• An island resident catches fish from the reef to feed his or her family.

Think about what you've learned about coral reefs and about Seafoam Island. Consider how these things might apply to other environmental problems and solutions.

Select the three true statements.

• Different interest groups may have different requirements for the solution to a problem.

• Damaging a part of an ecosystem can reduce the ecosystem's overall biodiversity and ecosystem services.

• Solutions that do not meet enough requirements should be rejected right away and not used for anything else.

• Scientists can use models to make informed estimates about the effects of different solutions.

• Protecting biodiversity is always the most important requirement for solving an environmental problem.

The council wants to test whether each solution meets the Council Treasurer's requirement. The council must determine how much money each solution will cost per year. The council members consider three types of costs: installation, maintenance, and enforcement.

What is the total cost for the no-anchor zone?

The council wants to test whether each solution meets the Council Treasurer's requirement. The council must determine how much money each solution will cost per year. The council members consider three types of costs: installation, maintenance, and enforcement.

What is the total cost for the mooring buoys?

Select the statement that is supported by the data.

• From 1950 to 1980, the U.S. population increased, but the volume of fresh water withdrawn decreased.

• From 1950 to 1980, both the U.S. population and the volume of fresh water withdrawn decreased.

Purgatory Chasm is a rock formation in Massachusetts. It is made of gneiss, which formed through the heating and squeezing of rock. Scientists are not sure how the chasm formed. Some scientists think it was formed by erosion due to ice. Others think it was formed as a result of a large earthquake.

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

Mount Kinabalu is a large mountain on the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. It is made mostly of granodiorite, which formed from cooling magma. Mount Kinabalu is more than 13,000 feet tall. About 100,000 years ago, it was a cold and snowy mountain. Today, Kinabalu has a warmer climate. It is home to more than 300 species of birds and 6,000 species of plants.

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic