Alex believes she was promoted to a new sales position because of her hard work and communication skills. When not awarded an employment contract to continue in the position after a 3-month probationary period she blames it on the lack of support given by her team leader and her bad luck in having to take 2-weeks sick leave with a virus during the company’s peak sales period. Alex’s thinking has primarily been influenced by

• self-serving bias.

• the halo effect.

• attentional bias

• fundamental attribution error

Oliver had long been looking for an affordable Zoom TA bicycle. It was very expensive and as soon as he saw one for sale on Facebook Market Place he quickly decided that it looked perfect and immediately bought it without an inspection in case someone else beat him to the purchase. When he went to pick it up, he noticed that one wheel had some rust, one was slightly buckled and the seat remained loose because it couldn’t be tightened. When Oliver was deciding to buy the bicycle he was most likely influenced by

• self-serving bias.

• confirmation bias.

• fundamental attribution error

• attentional bias.

Sirinh believes his high cholesterol level is due to genetic factors over which he has no control, whereas others have a high level due to lifestyle choices which they could have controlled. Sirinh’s belief is due to

• fundamental attribution error.

• self-serving bias.

• attentional bias.

• actor–observer bias.

A newly elected political leader appoints advisors and surrounds herself with people who will agree with her and not challenge her political beliefs rather than advisors who will be willing to challenge her at critical times and offer alternative views. The political leader’s thinking is most likely been influenced by

• 
  self-serving bias.

• confirmation bias.

• the halo effect.

• attentional bias.

A heuristic

• 
  is an experience-based strategy.

• 
  produces illogical decisions.

• 
  guarantees a solution to a problem.

• relies on too much information.

Which heuristic involves cognitive bias?

• 
  availability heuristic

• representativeness heuristic

• 
  affect heuristic

• All of the above are correct.

The use of fear in a public safety campaign to deter people from engaging in unsafe behaviour will most likely to be based on which heuristic?

• availability heuristic

• 
  representativeness heuristic

• affect heuristic

• 
  All of the above are correct.

Which heuristic is most reliant on salient information in memory?

• 
  availability heuristic

• representativeness heuristic

• affect heuristic

• All of the above are correct.

If your decision-making has been primarily influenced by your emotional state, then you relied on

• the availability heuristic.

• the representativeness heuristic.

• the affect heuristic.

• All of the above are correct.

Which heuristic is the most useful for social categorisation?

• 
  availability heuristic

• representativeness heuristic

• affect heuristic

• All of the above are correct.