U4 AOS 1 - Sleep and Consciousness Part 1

The sleep-wake cycle we experience every 24-hours is a biological rhythm called ______________ rhythm.

• an ultradian

• a circadian

• an infradian

• a sleep

Which of the following statements best describes the noticeable changes that occur to an individual's sleep as they age?

• The proportion of time spent in NREM sleep increases as we age.

• The proportion of time spent in REM sleep significantly decreases from infancy and then remains relatively stable as we continue to get older.

• As we go from being an infant to old age, the proportion of time spent in stages 1 and 2 NREM significantly decreases.

• The time spent sleeping overall increases as we age.

The changes that occur to sleep as we progress through an episode of sleep are typically that

• more time is spent in NREM sleep and less time is spent in REM sleep

• more time is spent in REM sleep and less time is spent in NREM sleep

• more time is spent in slow-wave deep sleep and less time is spent in light sleep

• time spent dreaming increases

Which one of the following is true of a sleep-cycle?

• It is an ultradian rhythm that lasts about 7-8 hours

• It is a circadian rhythm that occurs throughout the night

• It is a circadian rhythm that is synchronised to core body temperature rhythm

• It is an ultradian rhythm within a circadian rhythm

The role of an EOG (Electro-oculargraph) is to _______, amplify and record electrical activity of the _______

• detect; eyeballs

• shock, eyes

• detect, muscles surrounding the eye that enable the eye to rotate and move

• detect, brain

Which one of the following is the sequence of events that help regulate sleep?

• The hypothalamus signals the optic chiasm, which in turn sends signals to the pineal gland.

• The hypothalamus signals the optic chiasm to release or suppress the release of melatonin.

• The suprachiasmatic nucleus signals the pineal gland to increase or decrease the secretion of melatonin

• The pineal gland signals the thalamus, which stimulates the release of melatonin

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

The suprachiasmatic nucleus is located where in the brain?

• the pineal gland

• the hippocampus

• the hypothalamus

• the optic chiasm

A difference between elderly and adult sleep is

• adults will experience more periods of night-time awakenings than elderly people

• there will be a decrease in melatonin release in adults before sleep compared to elderly people

• adult sleep begins with a period of REM sleep followed by NREM sleep, while in elderly this is reversed: NREM first, follwed by REM

• adults experience more stage 3 NREM sleep than elderly people

Which of the following is an example of a naturally occurring altered state of consciousness?

• anaethetised

• focused attention

• sleep

• hypnotised

The first ultradian rhythm of sleep is different from the last ultradian rhythm as the last involves

• more time spent in NREM sleep

• more time spent in REM sleep

• only stages 1 & 2 NREM sleep

• frequent and brief awakenings