Mr. Culling's Parts of Speech (refresher)

A noun is a word for a ​ (a)   , place, thing, or idea. Nouns are often used with an article (the, a, an), but not always. Proper nouns always start with a capital letter; ​ (b)   nouns do not. Nouns can be singular or plural, concrete or ​ (c)   . Nouns show ​ (d)   by adding 's. Nouns can function in different ​ (e)   within a sentence; for example, a noun can be a subject, direct object, indirect object, subject complement, or object of a preposition.

• person
• common
• abstract
• possession
• roles

Answer explanation

*concrete vs abstract nouns: “concrete” refers to a noun with physical characteristics. Chair, Steven, dog, America… these are all things we can see, touch or feel. We call these concrete nouns. “Abstract” nouns are things that don’t have physical characteristics. Hunger, guilt, anger, distrust… these are all things that might be felt emotionally, but not physically. We call these abstract nouns.

List a noun for each of the following categories: abstract, proper, common.

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Answer explanation

Examples of abstract nouns: happiness, sadness, anger, malice.

Examples of proper nouns: Australia, Queensland, Glen. Obama.

Examples of common nouns: bread, flies, dogs, grandmothers, parks.

A pronoun is a word used in place of a ​ (a)   . A pronoun is usually ​ (b)   for a specific noun, which is called its antecedent. In the sentence above, the ​ (c)   for the pronoun “she” is the girl. Pronouns are further defined by type: ​ (d)   pronouns refer to specific persons or things; possessive pronouns indicate ownership; ​ (e)   pronouns are used to emphasise another noun or pronoun; relative pronouns introduce a subordinate clause; and demonstrative pronouns identify, point to, or refer to nouns.

• noun
• substituted
• antecedent
• personal
• reflexive

Use the voice recorder to list two reflexive pronouns, two relative pronouns, two possessive pronouns and two personal pronouns.

30 sec audio

Answer explanation

Two reflexive pronouns: themself, herself.

Two relative pronouns: that, which.

Two possessive pronouns: their, his.

Two personal pronouns: she, he.

The verb in a sentence expresses action or ​ (a)   . There is a main verb and sometimes one or more ​ (b)   verbs. In the sentence "she can sing", sing is the ​ (c)   verb; can is the helping/auxiliary verb. A verb must agree with its subject in ​ (d)   (both are singular or both are plural). Verbs also take different forms to express tense and ​ (e)   .

• being
• helping
• main
• number
• mood

An adjective is a word used to modify or ​ (a)   a noun or a pronoun. It usually answers the question of ​ (b)   one, ​ (c)   kind, or ​ (d)   many. Articles [a, an, ​ (e)   ] are usually classified as adjectives.

• describe
• which
• what
• how
• the

Match each of the adjectives from the list below to the feature they describe on the image.

a

b

c

d

Skinny

Bald

Blue

Angry

An adverb ​ (a)   or modifies a verb, an adjective, or another ​ (b)   , but never a ​ (c)   . It usually answers the questions of when, where, how, why, under what conditions, or to what ​ (d)   . Adverbs often end in -​ (e)   .

• describes
• adverb
• noun
• degree
• ly

Rewrite each verb from the picture, and add an advert after each verb.

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Answer explanation

Examples:

Stop suddenly!

Roll over! (notice that this adverb is also a preposition, and doesn't end in -ly).

Drop quickly!

A preposition is a word placed ​ (a)   a noun or pronoun to form a phrase ​ (b)   another word in the sentence. Therefore a preposition is always part of a ​ (c)   phrase. The prepositional phrase almost always functions as an ​ (d)   or as an ​ (e)   .

• before
• modifying
• prepositional
• adjective
• adverb