First Law of Thermodynamics

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

• Energy can be created but not destroyed

• Energy can be destroyed but not created

• Energy can neither be created nor destroyed

• Energy can be converted from one form to another

What are the two forms of energy transfer distinguished by the first law of thermodynamics?

• Heat and work

• Heat and light

• Work and light

• Work and sound

What does the first law of thermodynamics state about the total energy of an isolated system?

• The total energy increases

• The total energy decreases

• The total energy remains constant

• The total energy fluctuates

What is the equation for the first law of thermodynamics for a closed system?

• ΔU = Q + W

• ΔU = Q - W

• ΔU = Q * W

• ΔU = Q / W

What is the ideal isolated system often used as a model for?

• Practical applications

• Chemical reactions

• Nuclear reactions

• The entire universe

Who stated the conservation law for the heat of reaction during chemical transformations?

• Germain Hess

• Julius Robert von Mayer

• Rudolf Clausius

• William Rankine

Which scientist measured a temperature rise caused by friction in a body of paper pulp?

• Germain Hess

• Julius Robert von Mayer

• James Prescott Joule

• Rudolf Clausius

Who published a paper entitled 'The Mechanical Equivalent of Heat'?

• Germain Hess

• Julius Robert von Mayer

• James Prescott Joule

• William Rankine

Who made the first explicit statement of the first law of thermodynamics in 1850?

• Germain Hess

• Julius Robert von Mayer

• Rudolf Clausius

• William Rankine

What is the concept of internal energy defined relative to?

• Heat

• Work

• Calorimetry

• Standard reference state