Biostatistics#08-08-2023

1. Which of the following types of data is represented by "Categorical Data" in ophthalmology research?

• A) Visual acuity measurements

• B) Severity of ocular surface allergy symptoms

• C) Number of glaucoma medications used

• D) Intraocular pressure values

2. Which of the following represents a quantitative variable in ophthalmology research?

• A) Frequency of allergic reactions (e.g., number of episodes per month)

• B) Types of glaucoma medications used (e.g., beta-blockers, prostaglandin analogs)

• C) Presence of discharge from the eyes (e.g., watery or mucoid discharge)

• D) Response to different allergy treatments (e.g., minimal improvement, moderate improvement, significant improvement)

3. Which of the following data cleaning processes ensures accuracy and consistency in ophthalmology research?

• A) Removing outliers from visual acuity measurements

• B) Categorizing patients into different ethnic groups

• C) Categorizing visual field defects as "Mild," "Moderate," or "Severe"

• D) Measuring intraocular pressure using tonometry

4. What is the main purpose of summarizing data in ophthalmology research?

• A) To remove outliers and extreme values

• B) To organize data into categories for analysis

• C) To present a concise overview of the data

• D) To transform non-normal data into a normal distribution

5. Which type of data is best represented by "Types of Glaucoma" categorized as "Primary Open-angle Glaucoma (POAG)," "Angle-closure Glaucoma (ACG)," and "Normal-tension Glaucoma (NTG)"?

• A) Continuous data

• B) Ordinal data

• C) Nominal data

• D) Quantitative data