week 4 content

How does ddNTP contribute to chain termination?

• It prevents the addition of the next dNTP as there’s no 5’OH

• It prevents the addition of the next ddNTP as there’s no 5’OH

• It prevents the addition of the next dNTP as there’s no 3’OH

• It physically prevents RNA polymerase from binding to the growing strand

To sequence the full genome, what technique could be used?

• Sanger sequencing

• Shotgun sequencing

• Chain termination

• Primer walking

The following sequence was found from chain termination:

 5’ GCATT 3’

What is the template strand?

• 5’ AATGC 3’

• 5’  CGTAA 3’

• 5’ GCATT 3’

• 5’ CGAUU 3’

Which statement is false regarding restriction endonucleases?

• They are enzymes purified from bacteria

• They are viral enzymes designed to cleave bacterial DNA

• They show sequence specificity

• Cleave DNA into ‘sticky’ or ‘blunt’ ends

Why do bacteria make restriction endonucleases?

• To transpose mobile genetic elements

• To protect themselves against eukaryotes

• To protect themselves against prokaryotes

• To protect themselves against viruses

 What is false about the human genome?

• Genes include introns and protein-coding regions

• Critical genes are highly conserved

• Model organisms have been used to study the genome

• Introns are unique protein-encoding sequences

 Looking at the gel, what are the first 7 bases in the original strand?

• ATGTCAG

• TACAGTC

• GACCTGA

• CTGGACT

To define the nature of a pathogen, the team first isolates its genetic material. Analysis of the genetic content reveals a genome made of a circular double-stranded DNA molecule coding for 28 proteins. 

The pathogen is likely to be:

• a bacterial pathogen

• a plasmodium parasite

• a pathogenic yeast

• a virus

To identify all possible mutations in a gene in parrots across worldwide zoos, the best approach is:

• Sanger sequencing of DNA samples isolated from buccal cells of these parrots

• RT-qPCR of total mRNA samples extracted from skin cells of the initial individual and other parrots

• Next generation sequencing of DNA samples from skin cells of these parrots

• Microarray on mRNA samples from skin cells of these parrots before and after infection

Which of the following is not benefit of next generation sequencing?

• Cost effective for large samples

• Cost effective for small samples

• Sequencing samples with low input amounts of starting materials

• Finding novel variants by expanding the number of targets sequenced in a single run