"Statistical research can reduce the confusion of facts that language and language teaching frequently present, sometimes on a daily basis." (Brown, 1988).

This is an explanation for .......

• Reductivism

• Reductivity

• Inductivism

• Deductivism

The diagram demonstrates the procedure of a piece of .............. research.

• deductive

• inductive

• replicable

• tangible

Inductivism is equivalent to ........................... in Vietnamese.

• tính có hệ thống

• tính hữu hình

• thuyết suy diễn

• thuyết quy nạp

A study is ....................... if it follows clear procedural rules for the

design of the study, for guarding against the various threats to the internal and external validity of the study, and for the selection and application statistical procedures (Brown, 1988)

• tangible

• reductive

• systematic

• replicable

Deductivism is equivalent to ........................... in Vietnamese.

• tính lặp lại

• tính có hệ thống

• tính hữu hình

• thuyết suy diễn

If an independent researcher can ................. the study under similar conditions and obtain same results, the research is replicable (Brown, 1988).

• reproduce

• remake

• re-create

• re-investigate

Tangible research is based on the collection of data from the .............. (Brown, 1988).

• real world

• reality

• society

• participants

The diagram demonstrates the procedure of a piece of .............. research.

• tangible

• replicable

• inductive

• deductive

When conducting research, tangible evidence is gathered through various methods, such as ..........................

Select the INCORRECT option.

• self-assessment

• measurements

• observations

• experiments

Inductivism seeks to .............. general principles, theories, or ‘truths’ from an investigation and documentation of single instances. (Nunan. D. 1992. Research Methods in Language Learning)

• formulate

• derive

• create

• produce