1.3: Immigration and Urbanization

Match the term to its definition:

• Pull Factor

• The process of adopting and fitting in with the existing local culture.

• Nativism

• Reasons causing someone to leave a country.

• Assimilation

• Hostility towards foreigners in the name of preserving the existing local culture.

• Immigration

• The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

• Push Factor

• Reasons causing someone to come to a country.

Which of the following were countries of origin of 'new immigrants' to the United States during the late-19th century? (select all that apply)

• Britain

• France

• Italy

• Russia

• Greece

Since the arrival of Europeans and Africans on the east coast of North America, there were ​ (a)   formal restrictions on immigration. This changed in the late-19th century when there was a surge in immigration from ​ (b)   Europe. To regulate entry, an inspection station was established on ​ (c)   in New York. There, immigrants were cleared for entry if they were found to be healthy, able to ​ (d)   , and loyal to their new country.

• few to no
• many
• southern and eastern
• northern and western
• Ellis Island
• Angel Island
• vote
• work

Unlike 'old immigrants', 'new immigrants' during the Gilded Age were more likely to be: (select all that apply)

• middle class

• Catholic or Orthodox

• illiterate and unskilled

• familiar with democracy

• settling in cities

Which of the following were factors causing a surge of migration to the United States during the Gilded Age? (select all that apply)

• Availability of jobs in the US

• Economic opportunity in Europe

• Improved transportation accessibility

• Demand for an educated workforce

• Overpopulation and conflict in Europe

Which of the following best explains the reasoning for the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?

• Diplomatic relations between the US and China had broken down into hostility.

• Chinese immigrants were persecuted for fear that they were unfair competition for low-paying jobs.

• The federal government considered Chinese culture to be too foreign to the existing local culture.

• Chinese immigrants were not contributing significantly to the US industrial economy.

Each of the following are reasons why 'new immigrants' mainly settled in cities, except:

• They were able to form ethnic neighborhoods and support networks for new arrivals.

• They were most easily able to find employment in factories, mills, and other industry.

• They could benefit from favors offered by political machines in city governments.

• They wanted to establish their own businesses as educated and skilled professionals.

Match the following:

• Ellis Island

• An immigration inspection station in New York where new arrivals were quickly processed after ensuring they would not bring disease or be a public charge.

• Pendleton Civil Service Act

• A law passed to end the 'spoils system' and ensure that all appointments to jobs in government were made based on merit, not favoritism.

• Angel Island

• An immigration inspection station in California where new arrivals were processed slowly and frequently denied entry to enforce ethnic exclusion policies.

• Chinese Exclusion Act

• A law passed to enforce the restriction of a certain ethnic group from immigrating to the United States due to fear of unfair competition for low-paying jobs.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the data?

• During the late-19th century, immigration to the US increased at a declining rate.

• During the late-19th century, most immigrants to the United States settled in cities.

• During the late-19th century, the immigrant population in the US more than doubled.

• During the late-19th century, immigration to the US dramatically declined.

Which of the following concepts is most directly reflected in the data?

• Urbanization

• Industrialization

• Immigration

• Nativism