01.1 - Introduction to Global Systems (10pts.)

Lana concludes that all of the deer in a forest are members of the same​ ​ ​ ​ (a)   because they look alike and breed with one another. She observes how the deer ​​ (b)   interacts with trees, wolves, and other living things ofthe forest ​ ​ (c)  

• Species

• Ecosystem

• Hydrosphere

• Geosphere

• Population

Answer explanation

Lana's conclusion about the deer belonging to the same species is based on their similar appearance and breeding behavior. She also observes their interactions with other living things in the forest, indicating an ecosystem. Therefore, the correct choices are Species, Population, and Ecosystem.

Tags

HS-LS2-2

HS-ESS2-4

HS-ESS3-6

What are the biotic factors of the pond ecosystem?

• Fish, water lilies, and frogs

• Pond water and rain that falls on the pond

• Air above the pond, and the pond water

• The sunlight that shines on the pond

Answer explanation

The biotic factors of the pond ecosystem include fish, water lilies, and frogs, as they are living organisms that directly impact the ecosystem.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Scientists generally use three approaches to study ecology. Which of the following is an example of experimentation?

• Counting the number of migrating geese that visit a pond

• Using a computer program to predict the growth of a forest

• Raising ants in terrariums, each identical except for the clay content of the soil

• Observing frogs as they swim across a pond

Answer explanation

The correct choice is raising ants in terrariums, each identical except for the clay content of the soil, as it involves manipulating variables in a controlled environment to observe the effects, which is an example of experimentation in ecology.

Most organisms in the biosphere exchange the gases oxygen and carbon dioxide with the atmosphere.

Which of the following describes an exchange of matter between the ATMOSPHERE and the GEOSPHERE?

• A volcanic eruption releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

• Carbon dioxide dissolving from the atmosphere into ocean water.

• The remains of living things settling on the floor of the ocean, and then becoming rock.

• Water vapor condensing in the air to form clouds.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is a volcanic eruption releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which describes an exchange of matter between the ATMOSPHERE and the GEOSPHERE.

Which of the following BEST describes the hydrosphere?

• Bodies of water on the surface of Earth, but not the water in the atmosphere or underground.

• Salt water in the oceans, but not fresh water.

• Water that is underground or mixed into the geosphere.

• Water in any location on Earth, including the atmosphere, surface, and underground.

Answer explanation

The hydrosphere includes water in any location on Earth, such as the atmosphere, surface, and underground, making it the best description among the options provided.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Harvey is studying the turtles that live in a pond. His knowledge of ECOLOGY will be most useful for explaining which of these observations of the turtles?

• The carapace (shell) of the turtle appears to be an extension of its spine.

• A female turtle lays a clutch of eggs along the shore of the lake, and not in the water.

• One summer, the size of the turtle population suddenly increases, but then gradually decreases.

• A turtle may remain underwater for several minutes, but then surfaces for at least a brief moment.

Answer explanation

The knowledge of ecology would be most useful in explaining the sudden increase and gradual decrease in the turtle population, as it relates to factors such as food availability, habitat changes, and predator-prey dynamics.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which statement best explains why the model is useful for analyzing global changes to Earth systems?

• The causes and effects of global changes involve only one Earth system.

• The causes of global changes involve two Earth systems, and the effects involve the remaining two Earth systems.

• Earth systems interact with one another, and the causes and effects of global changes involve all of the systems.

• The causes and effects of global changes act separately on each Earth system, and the systems do not interact with one another.

Answer explanation

Earth systems interact with one another, and the causes and effects of global changes involve all of the systems.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

Ecology includes the study of ecosystems at different levels. Which is the largest or broadest level?

• Biome

• Biosphere

• Community

• Ecosystem

Answer explanation

The correct choice is Biosphere, which is the largest or broadest level in the study of ecosystems.