Soc 173 Final Exam Review

Which of the following is not a function of emotions?

• Emotions give us clues that help us understand our world and infer our own and others’ attitudes.

• Emotions motivate us into action.
• Emotions are a means of self-control, which can facilitate social control.
• Emotions help us to be members of social groups.
• None of the above.

Each of the following is a component of emotions except:

• Changes in physiological or bodily sensations.
• Clear understanding of situational meanings.
• Expressive gestures.
• Appraisals/evaluations of objects, people, events, situations, etc.
• Attachment of cultural labels to emotional components.

_________ are affective internal states without clear sources which are impactful across situations and tend to be more intense and last longer than emotions; _________ are more enduring evaluations such as loving or hating that typically pertain to social relationships or identities.

• Moods; Sentiments
• Sentiments; Affects
• Sentiments; Moods
• Moods; Affects
• Affects; Sentiments

In perceptual control identity theory, ___________ results in the experience of negative emotions, and prompts people to change their behavior and/or the way they think about themselves in their identities.

• Deflection

• Nonverification

• Dispersion

• Reflection

• Verification

When individuals feel emotionally aroused but unsure of what specifically they are feeling, they look to situational cues (such as others’ behavior) in order to interpret their feelings. This idea describes:

• Affect Control Theory
• Kemper’s Power-Status approach
• Schachter and Singer’s Two-Factor model
• Hochschild’s Emotional Labor concept
• None of the above.

True or False? Conformity can be defined as a change in behavior or beliefs as a result of real or imagined group pressure.

• True
• False

In Affect Control Theory, the goal is to have ___________ match ___________; when these things do not match, there is deflection.

• Physiological Responses; Situational Cues
• Structural Emotions; Situational Emotions
• Status; Power
• Self-Meanings; Situational Meanings
• Fundamental Sentiments; Transient Impressions

Which of the following describes the difference between Sherif and Asch’s studies of conformity?

• Sherif used an ambiguous task, while Asch used an unambiguous task to examine conformity.
• Sherif’s results demonstrated informational influence, while Asch’s demonstrated normative influence.
• Sherif’s experiment had participants estimate the length of a line, while Asch’s autokinetic experiments had participants determine how far a light had moved.
• Both A and B
• All of the Above

Which of the following is relevant to Hochschild’s work on emotion management?

• Individuals can change how they express emotions through “surface acting,” where they act as though they feel different than they do.
• Individuals can use “deep acting” techniques to change how they feel, either by suppressing or evoking certain feelings.
• When people feel something different than what they are expected to feel in a situation, they use certain cognitive/behavioral strategies to bring their feelings in line with cultural feeling/display rules.
• All of the above.
• A and B only.

Expectation States Theory proposes that:

• Every society has diffuse status characteristics with at least 2 states, where 1 state is more highly valued than the other.
• Status characteristics are only important when they become salient in a group.
• Group members with more highly valued status characteristics are expected to be more competent in most things than those with less valued characteristics.
• The associations drawn between status and competence influences group behavior.
• All of the above.