1. The ideals of democracy, in which citizens participate in their own government, and of republican government, in which the leaders of government are elected by citizens, were first introduced by --

• 1. Mesopotamia and Han China

• 1. Classical Greece and Rome

• 1. The early Chinese Dynasties

• 1. The Judeo-Christian legal tradition

1. Which of the following was an important contribution of Roman civilization to Western Europe?

• 1. The promotion of equality between men and women

• 1. The invention of coined money

• 1. The establishment of a common system of written law

• 1. The introduction of the world’s first democracy

1. How did Italy’s Geography influence the development of the Roman Empire

• 1. The central location of the peninsula contributed to Roman control of the Mediterranean region.

• 1. Unnavigable rivers in the northern part of the peninsula protected Romans from their neighbors

• 1. The lengthy, rugged seacoast encouraged frequent invasions by hostile foreigners.

• 1. A harsh climate prevented sufficient agricultural production

1.  After returning from military victories Julius Caesar was appointed as

• 1. President

• 1. Emperor

• 1. Dictator

• 1. Tyrant

1. Which of the following statements accurately reflects the government of the Roman Republic?

• 1. During the Republic, Rome was a democracy and all citizens met and made decisions

• 1. During the Republic, Rome was a monarchy with a king.

• 1. During the Republic, Rome had an absolute ruler called an emperor

• 1. During the Republic, Rome was a democracy governed by elected representatives.

1. Augustus Caesar was able to bring about a long period of peace by

• 1. Preserving Rome’s republican institutions, removing corrupt officials and reviving responsibility and self-discipline

• 1. Reviving responsibility and self-discipline, building lots of Roads and changing the Roman religion to Christianity

• 1. Creating the month of August, conquering Spain and France and having bloodthirsty gladiatorial games

• 1. Removing corrupt officials, expanding Rome to the North and West and disbanding the Senate

1. How did the geography of Greece affect the political development of the Greek civilizations?

• 1. Because Greece was mountainous, it forced all the Greeks to work together to start farming communities

• 1. Because Greece was mountainous, it forced the Greeks to found city-states with their own laws and government

• 1. It allowed the Greeks to have similar language, traditions and religions

• 1. Because of the sea, the Greeks became excellent shipbuilders allowing them to trade with many other civilizations

1. The philosophers of ancient Greece were important because they --

• 1. Applied human reason to comprehend the world

• 1. Promoted the spread of Christianity

• 1. Preferred monotheism to polytheism

• 1. Refused to participate in wars against other Greek city-states

1. What conclusion can be drawn from this diagram?

• 1. The Greeks and the Romans enforced a form of universal education

• 1. Ancient civilizations were not affected by their geography

• 1. The Greeks and Romans were influenced by earlier river valley civilizations

• 1. Most early civilizations were governed by a fixed system of written laws

1. Which title best completes the diagram?

• 1. Factors leading to the fall of Rome

• 1. Factors that led to the fall of Greece after the Peloppensian war

• 1. Factors leading to Persia being conquered by Alexander the Great

• 1. Reasons why Greece and Persia fell