Menstrual Cycle, Fertilization, & Embryonic Development

Which of the following is the correct order of major developmental stages during embryogenesis in humans?

• Blastula, gastrula, morula, neurula

• Morula, blastula, gastrula, neurula

• Gastrula, blastula, morula, neurula

• Morula, gastrula, blastula, neurula

What is the process by which cells become specialized and take on specific functions during embryonic development?

• Fertilization

• Cleavage

• Differentiation / organogenesis

• Implantation

Which of the following germ layers gives rise to the epidermis during embryonic development?

• Ectoderm

• Endoderm

• Mesoderm

• Allantois

During which week of gestation do the majority of the major organs and organ systems begin to form in a developing human embryo?

• First week

• Third week

• Fifth week

• Eighth week

Which of the following is the correct order of germ layer formation during gastrulation in vertebrate embryos?

• Ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm

• Mesoderm, endoderm, ectoderm

• Endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

• Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

The process of an embryo reorganizing into a multilayered and multidimensional structure occurs during which stage of embryonic development?

• Cleavage

• Fertilization

• Gastrulation

• Neurulation

Which structure in the developing embryo eventually becomes the respiratory system, including the lungs and airways?

• Mesoderm

• Ectoderm

• Endoderm

• Trophoblast

What is the term for the initial cluster of cells formed after fertilization but before the blastocyst stage?

• Blastula

• Morula

• Gastrula

• Neurula

Which hormone is responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during early pregnancy and preventing menstruation?

• Progesterone

• Estrogen

• FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone)

• LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

What is the primary function of the placenta during embryonic development?

• Protection of the fetus

• Oxygenation of the fetal blood

• Elimination of waste products from the fetus

• Nutrient exchange between the mother and fetus