Industrialization Exam

Which goal was shared by both the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor?

• 1. To help large corporations to increase their production

• 1. o introduce new and innovative techniques to factories

• 1. To promote immigration of skilled workers from Asia and Europe

• 1. To organize workers to demand better conditions from employers

  
  

“Anyone may say that the organizations of labor invade or deny liberty to the workmen.  But go to the men who worked in the coal mines 12, 14, 16 hours a day, for a dollar or a $1.25, and who now work 8 hrs. per day and whose wages have increased 70% in the past 7 years- go tell those men that they have lost their liberty and they will laugh at you”

-  Samuel Gompers (AFL).

Based on the passage above, what did Gompers see as the benefit of joining a union?

• 1. Workers had gained better working conditions

• 1. Workers now worked longer hours in coal mines

• 1. Workers were able to work for a $1.25

• 1. Workers were able to have their children work in mines

1. During the period from 1865 to 1900, disputes between labor and business owners (industrialists) were sometimes marked by-

• 1. The use of violence by both sides

• 1. Cooperative efforts to resolve differences

• Government support for striking workers

• 1. Negotiations by the federal government

1. The formation of national labor unions in the late 1800s was mainly a response to—

• 1. passage of federal laws that favored workers

• laws restricting immigration and naturalization

• 1. poor working conditions and low wages in many industries

• 1. economic depressions that had led to high unemployment

1. Many of the business trusts created in the late 1800s were eventually declared illegal primarily because they—

• 1. eliminated competition by forming monopolies

• 1. combined companies that manufactured different products

• 1. donated large sums of money to political candidates

• 1. allowed children to work under unsafe conditions

1. The creation of the Interstate Commerce Commission (1887) and the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) showed that—

• laissez faire capitalism would be upheld by the Federal Government

• 1. the Federal Government could not challenge state regulation of business

• 1. Federal civil servants would be hired based on merit rather than on political patronage

• 1. the Federal Government could regulate business practices

1. In the late 1800s, which factor directly contributed to the growth of the American steel industry?

• 1. Government regulation

• 1. Employee ownership

• 1. The formation of labor unions

• 1. New production techniques such as the Bessemer process

1. Which best describes a positive contribution of Andrew Carnegie?

• 1. Carnegie helped workers obtain better conditions in his factories

• 1. Carnegie showed how to organize large-scale production as well as how to use profits in philanthropic activities

• 1. Carnegie obtained secret rebates from railroad companies shipping his products

• 1. Carnegie obtained near monopoly control of one part of a national industry, rather than engaging in several related activities

  
  

1. Allowed for business investors to improve risks and buy stocks in order to become partial owner of a business-

• 1. A partnership

• 1. A corporation

• 1. A national market

• 1. The Interstate Commerce Act

1. What was the main purpose of the antitrust legislation (laws) passed by Congress?

• 1. To promote corporate consolidation

• 1. To restrict foreign access to American markets

• 1. To protect competition between private businesses

• To reduce the average size of any business