History and Approaches Reading Guide

Psychology is the ​ (a)   study of ​ (b)   and ​ (c)   processes.

• scientific
• behavior
• mental

The goals of psychology are:

• Describe particular behaviors

• Predict whether or not behaviors are likely to continue

• Explain why a behavior occured

• apply psychological knowledge to help modify behaviors

• diagnose our friends and loved ones because we have taken psychology class

1st modern psychologist AKA the "Father of Psychology"

• Sigmund Freud
• Wilhelm Wundt 
• Sir Francis Galton
• B.F. Skinner

Titchener trained his students to use ____________ to identify the most basic components, or structures, of conscious experience.

​ (a)   rejected the ​ (b)   method of gathering information. For example, instead of asking subjects to describe the emotion of fear, functionalists studied how fear ​ (c)   people and ​ animals to ​ (d)   to their ​ (e)  

• Functionalists
• introspective
• enables
• adapt
• enviornments

Psychoanalysis is associated with _____.

• Sigmund Freud
• William James
• B.F. Skinner
• Jean Piaget

Freud believed that dreams, "slips of the tongue" (called "Freudian slips"), and memory blocks all provide glimpses into the ____________ mind.

While the ​ (a)   divided the object under study into a set of ​ (b)   that could be ​ (c)   separately, ​ (d)   psychologists focused on how we construct "​ (e)   wholes."

• structuralists
• elements
• analyzed
• Gestalt
• perceptual

B.F. Skinner is associated with which of the following?

• functionalism
• behavioralism
• cognitive psychology
• structuralism

​ (a)   believe that both conscious and unconscious mental processes are ​ (b)   . Instead, behaviorism focuses on scientific investigations and ​ (c)   behaviors that can be objectively ​ (d)   . Behaviorists believe that human behavior is ​ (e)   and can be controlled through the presence of rewards and punishments.

• Behaviorists
• unobservable
• observable
• measured
• learned