Logic Intro & Lessons 1-2 Review

What is Formal Logic?

• Logic that deals with the proper modes of reasoning

• Logic that deals with the operations of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning

What is Informal Logic?

• Logic that deals with the proper modes of reasoning

• Logic that deals with the operations of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning

• Logic that wears jeans and a t-shirt!

Logic

• The science and art of reasoning well

• Thinking like your awesome older sister

• The god-given art of reasoning well

The Law of the Excluded Middle

• Any statement is either true or false

• If a statement is true, then it is true

• A statement cannot be both true and false

The Law of Identity

• Any statement is either true or false

• If a statement is true, then it is true

• A statement cannot be both true and false

The Law of Noncontradiction

• Any statement is either true or false

• If a statement is true, then it is true

• A statement cannot be both true and false

Induction

• Reasoning probability from examples or experience to general rules

• Reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusions

Deduction

• Reasoning probability from examples or experience to general rules

• Reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusions

Term

• concept that is expressed precisely in words

• a statement that gives the meaning of a term

Definition

• concept that is expressed precisely in words

• a statement that gives the meaning of a term