Identify the approach by analyzing the guide questions shown.

• Who is narrating or telling what happens in the work? How is the narrator, speaker, or character revealed to the readers? How do we come to know and understand this figure?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

How do your values alter your perceptions of the text?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

Does the work challenge or affirm traditional views of women?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

What historical events or movements might have influenced this writer?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

What was the work’s original intended audience? To what extend are you similar or different from that audience?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

What marital expectations are imposed on the characters? What effect do these expectations have?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

How are female perspectives and experience represented in literary works by writers of either gender?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

What seem to be the author’s major concerns? Do they reflect any of the writer’s personal experiences?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

Which of your personal experiences or memories is affecting your perceptions of the story?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO

• What images, similes, metaphors, symbols appear in the work? What is their function? What meanings do they convey?

• FORMALISM

• READER-RESPONSE

• FEMINISM

• HISTO-BIO