DNA replication, transcription, translation, and mutation

Which explanation is TRUE regarding the stuctures of DNA and RNA, and how do they relate to replication and the expression of a gene?

• Replication involves copying a whole molecule to produce a double-stranded molecule of DNA. RNA is single-stranded and is transcribed from a portion of one strand of DNA to produce a protein.

• Replication involves copying a whole molecule to produce a double-stranded molecule of RNA. DNA is single-stranded and is transcribed from a portion of one strand of RNA to produce a protein.

• Replication involves copying a whole molecule to produce a double-stranded molecule of RNA. DNA is single-stranded and is transcribed from a portion of one strand of RNA to produce a protein.

• Replication involves copying a whole molecule to produce a double-stranded molecule of DNA. RNA is single-stranded and is transcribed from a portion of one strand of a protein to produce DNA.

Proteins are chains of amino acids bonded together. Which is the correct sequence for making proteins?

• Information in DNA is formed into proteins directly.

• Information in RNA uses thermal energy to make a protein.

• Information in DNA is translated into RNA and then transcribed into a protein

• Information in DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into a protein

Which of the following statements best describes the structure of DNA?

• Two strands of proteins are held together by sugar molecules, nitrogen bases, and phosphate groups.

• Two strands composed of sugar molecules and phosphate groups are linked together by proteins.

• Nitrogen bases and phosphate groups link together to form the backbone of a strand. Two such strands are linked together by sugar molecules.

• Sugar molecules and phosphate groups link together to form the backbone of a strand. Two such strands are linked together by a matched nitrogen base.

The enzyme pictured above is necessary in the process of DNA replication. It breaks down the hydrogen bonds found between the nucleotides that hold the two DNA strands together. Identify the enzyme.

• Primase

• Helicase

• Ligase

• DNA Polymerase

DNA and RNA are both...

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Nucleic Acids

Translate the DNA sequence into a protein: TAC GGC GCT ACT

• Stop, Val (V), Arg (R), Ser (S)

• Arg (A), Stop, Lys (K), Asp (D)

• Glu (E), Thr (T), Stop, Gly (G)

• Met (M), Pro (P), Arg (A), Stop

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The following picture must be

• DNA because it is double stranded.

• DNA because it is single stranded.

• RNA because it is single stranded.

• RNA because it is double stranded.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Translation converts

• DNA into a protein.

• mRNA into a protein.

• mRNA into DNA.

• DNA into mRNA.

Structure X includes a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Identify Structure X?

• Sugar-Phosphate Backbone

• The nucleotide, Cytosine

• A Complementary Base-Pair

• A Nucleic Acid

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

DNA is composed of two complementary strands. This is reflected in the fact that

• the number of cytosines (C) in one strand is always double the number of guanines (G) in the other strand.

• the number of guanines (G) in one strand is always equal to the number of adenines (A) in the other strand.

• the number of thymines (T) in one strand is always double the number of cytosines (C) in the other strand.

• the number of adenines (A) in one strand is always equal to the number of thymines (T) in the other strand.