Dehydration synthesis and Hydrolysis

Carbon can form _____ bonds with other elements.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 4. This is because carbon has four valence electrons in its outermost shell and needs four more electrons to achieve a stable octet structure. Thus, carbon can form four bonds with other elements.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Carbon forms ________ bonds with other atoms by sharing electrons with the other elements.

• ionic

• covalent

• hydrogen

• peptide

Answer explanation

Carbon forms covalent bonds with other atoms. This is because carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell, and it needs 4 more to achieve a stable octet configuration. Unlike ionic bonds, which involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons. Therefore, the correct answer is 'covalent'. Neither hydrogen bonds nor peptide bonds are relevant in this context.

Macromolecules are made of repeating subunits called

• monomers

• monosaccharides

• polymers

• polysaccharides

Answer explanation

Macromolecules are large molecules composed of repeated subunits. These repeating units are known as 'monomers'. Thus, the correct answer to the question is 'monomers'. Other options like monosaccharides, polymers, and polysaccharides are related to this topic, but they do not accurately answer the question.

A __________ consists of many monomers bonded together.

• monomer

• hydrocarbon

• peptide

• polymer

Answer explanation

In the given question, we are asked about a substance that is made up of many monomers bonded together. The correct answer is 'polymer', because a polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating subunits called monomers. Monomers are connected to each other via covalent bonds to form a polymer. Therefore, the statement correctly refers to a polymer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

A _________ reaction removes a molecule of water to bond molecules together to create a polymer.

• hydrolysis

• water

• dehydration synthesis

• magical

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'dehydration synthesis'. In this type of reaction, a molecule of water is removed to bond molecules together, resulting in the formation of a polymer. This process is not related to 'hydrolysis', 'water', or 'magical', thus making 'dehydration synthesis' the correct choice.

In order to break apart a polymer ________ must be added.

• carbon

• water

• oxygen

• hydrogen

Answer explanation

The process of breaking apart a polymer is called hydrolysis, which means 'to split water'. This involves the addition of a water molecule, which breaks the bond holding the polymer subunits together. Hence, the correct answer is water.

This molecule is

• Carbon

• Water

• Glucose

• Fat

Answer explanation

The question is asking about the identity of a specific molecule. The options provided are Carbon, Water, Glucose, and Fat. The correct answer is Glucose. Glucose is a simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

C₆H₁₂O₆ is the chemical formula for

• water

• methane

• glycogen

• glucose

Answer explanation

The question asks about the chemical formula C6H12O6. This formula represents glucose. Glycogen has a different, more complex structure, while water and methane have simpler formulas (H2O and CH4, respectively). Therefore, the correct answer is glucose.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

What type of reaction is shown?

• Dehydration synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Answer explanation

The question asks about the type of reaction being demonstrated. The correct option is 'Hydrolysis'. Hydrolysis is a type of reaction where water is used to break down a compound. Therefore, the answer is not 'Dehydration synthesis', which is a process of combining molecules to form a larger one, with the removal of water.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Which type of reaction is shown?

• Dehydration Synthesis

• Hydrolysis

Answer explanation

The question asks about the type of reaction depicted. Dehydration Synthesis is the correct answer. It's a type of reaction where two molecules are connected by removing a water molecule. Thus, the name Dehydration Synthesis, as dehydration refers to the removal of water, and synthesis refers to the creation of a new molecule.