Env Sci: Chapter 3B Ecosystems

When ammonia is taken up by plants, dissolved by water, or remains in the soil to be converted to nitrates, it is known as

• ammonification

• nitrogen fixation

• nitrification

• denitrification

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The hydrologic cycle is driven primarily by

• lunar tides

• solar energy

• oceanic heat

• methane gas

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Which of the following statements best describes a biogeochemical cycle?

• Any of the natural pathways by which essential elements of living matter are circulated.

• A change in the atmosphere of the Earth.

• The breakdown of substances over a period of time.

• Carbon based compounds are transformed into useful fuels that came from ancient organisms.

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What is it called when water is changed from a liquid to a gas?

• evaporation

• precipitation

• transpiration

• runoff

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What is the main cause of global warming?

• water vapor

• carbon dioxide

• nitrous oxide

• glucose

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Each of the following are examples of ways we add additional carbon dioxide except

• clearing trees

• burning fossil fuels

• forest fires

• soil erosion

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Each of the following are ways in which human alter the hydrologic cycle except

• clearing vegetation

• increasing floods when wetlands are drained

• withdrawing large amounts of freshwater faster than it can be replenished

• extracting fossil fuels

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Which of the following best describes nitrogen fixation?

• nitrogen gas is converted into ammonia

• ammonia is converted into nitrate

• nitrite is converted into ammonia

• nitrates are converted into nitrogen gas

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Each of the following are ways in which human affect the nitrogen sphere except

• removing nitrogen from topsoil

• adding excess nitrates to bodies of water

• destroying forests, grasslands, and wetlands

• burning fossil fuels

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Which of the following elements is a limiting factor for plant growth?

• sulfur

• phosphorous

• nitrogen

• carbon

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