Observations and Inferences

What is an observation?

• Observation is the act of ignoring information and making assumptions.

• Observation is the process of analyzing data to draw conclusions.

• Observation is the act of carefully watching, listening, or noticing something in order to gather information or data.

• Observation is the act of randomly guessing without any evidence or data.

What is an inference?

• A prediction about the future based on past events.

• A statement that is proven to be true.

• A conclusion or deduction made based on evidence or reasoning.

• A guess or assumption made without evidence or reasoning.

What is the main difference between observation and inference?

• Observation is gathering information, while inference is drawing conclusions.

• Observation is based on evidence, while inference is based on intuition.

• Observation is subjective, while inference is objective.

• Observation is making assumptions, while inference is based on facts.

Which of the following is an example of an observation? a) The temperature is 25 degrees Celsius. b) It will rain tomorrow. c) The plant grew 2 inches in one week. d) The car is blue.

• c) The plant grew 2 inches in one week.

• d) The car is red.

• b) It will snow tomorrow.

• a) The temperature is 30 degrees Celsius.

Which of the following is an example of an inference? a) The sun is shining. b) The dog is barking. c) The cake is delicious. d) The book is heavy.

• a

• d

• b

• c

What is a qualitative observation?

• A qualitative observation is a subjective observation that describes the qualities or characteristics of an object or event without using numerical measurements.

• A qualitative observation is a prediction about the future behavior of an object or event.

• A qualitative observation is an objective observation that can be measured numerically.

• A qualitative observation is a quantitative measurement of an object or event.

What is a quantitative observation?

• A quantitative observation deals with visual data or images.

• A quantitative observation deals with numerical data or measurements.

• A quantitative observation deals with subjective data or opinions.

• A quantitative observation deals with qualitative data or descriptions.

Which of the following is a qualitative observation? a) The weight of the object is 5 grams. b) The liquid is red in color. c) The temperature is 30 degrees Celsius. d) The distance is 10 meters.

• b) The liquid is red in color.

• d) The distance is 20 meters.

• c) The temperature is 50 degrees Celsius.

• a) The weight of the object is 10 grams.

Which of the following is a quantitative observation? a) The smell of the flower is sweet. b) The sound of the bell is loud. c) The taste of the food is spicy. d) The length of the pencil is 15 centimeters.

• a. The color of the sky is blue.

• d

• b. The texture of the fabric is soft.

• c. The shape of the object is round.

True or False: An observation is based on facts and evidence.

• True

• An observation is based on opinions

• An observation is subjective

• False