Pathophysiology

Which one of the following is the correct order of a feedback system.

• Receptor, control centre and effector

• Effector, control centre, receptor

• Receptor, effector, control centre

• None of the above

Identify the given feedback system:

Stimulus---> increase blood pressure---> baroreceptor send signals to brain---> brain send output signal to effector---> decrease in heart rate decreases blood pressure

• Positive feedback system

• Negative feedback system

• Both are correct

• None of the above

Influx of Ca++ ions in the cell is an indication of ________

• Atrophy

• Hypertrophy

• Reversible cell injury

• Irreversible cell injury

Following are all the characteristics of irreversible cell injury except__________

• Large flocculent densities of Ca++ in mitochondria

• Decreased oxidative phosphorylation

• Activation of nuclease enzyme

• Activation of protease enzyme

If in a human body, elimination rate of acidic products is highest, the condition is termed as_______

• Acidosis

• Alkalosis

• Both are correct

• None of the above

Abnormal decrease in the levels of sodium, potassium and bicarbonate levels in the blood is termed as _________ respectively

• Hypernatremia, Hypokalemia, Acidosis

• Hyponatremia, Hyperkalemia, Acidosis

• Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia, Acidosis

• Hyponatremia, Hyperkalemia, Alkalosis

Following are all cell derived mediators of inflammation, except one

• Bradykinin

• Serotonin

• Prostaglandins

• Histamine

Match the right hand side with left hand side.

A) Redness i) Rubor

B) Pain ii) Tumor

C) Heat iii) Dalor

D) Swelling iv) Calor

• A-i, B-iv, C-ii, D-iii

• A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv

• A-i, B-iii, C-iv, D-ii

• A-i, B-ii, C-iv, D-iii

If there is an incomplete or faulty development of an organ or body part it is called__________.

• Anaplasia

• Aplasia

• Hyperplasia

• Atrophy

________ is the term used for programmed cell death.

• Apoptosis

• Necrosis

• Homeostasis

• Mitosis